Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, 125 Baldwin Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2020 Aug;51(4):656-669. doi: 10.1007/s10578-020-00964-z.
The Five Minute Speech Sample's (FMSS) measure of parental expressed emotion (EE), defined as criticism (CRIT) and emotional overinvolvement (EOI), has been increasingly used to measure family emotional climate in relation to youth psychopathological development. As CRIT and EOI were defined based on adults, a meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to analyze the presence and strength of an effect among maternal CRIT and EOI with youth internalizing and externalizing problems. A random effects model was used to analyze the 42 studies on families of youth (aged 1.5 to 19). There was a small, significant relation among maternal CRIT with youth internalizing and externalizing problems and among EOI with youth internalizing problems. EOI was not significantly related to externalizing problems. The current study suggests that the FMSS measure of CRIT is a more robust correlate of youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms than EOI, but EOI does relate to internalizing behaviors. Few moderators emerged, highlighting a continued need to identify factors accounting for heterogeneity. The current results suggest that the FMSS measure of CRIT may be a valuable measure of the family emotional climate in families of youth, but care should be taken when including analyses on EOI.
五分钟言语样本（FMSS）的父母情绪表达（EE）测量，定义为批评（CRIT）和情感过度卷入（EOI），已经越来越多地用于衡量家庭情感氛围与青少年心理病理发展的关系。由于 CRIT 和 EOI 是基于成年人定义的，因此进行了荟萃分析和系统评价，以分析母亲 CRIT 和 EOI 与青少年内化和外化问题之间存在的影响及其强度。采用随机效应模型分析了 42 项关于青少年（年龄 1.5 至 19 岁）家庭的研究。母亲 CRIT 与青少年内化和外化问题之间以及 EOI 与青少年内化问题之间存在着小而显著的关系。EOI 与外化问题没有显著关系。本研究表明，FMSS 的 CRIT 测量与青少年内化和外化症状的相关性更强，而 EOI 则与内化行为有关。很少有调节因素出现，突出表明仍需要确定导致异质性的因素。目前的结果表明，FMSS 的 CRIT 测量可能是青少年家庭情感氛围的一个有价值的衡量标准，但在进行 EOI 分析时应谨慎。
