工作场所的心理需求——信息负荷、时间控制和探索与抑郁有关吗？
Mental Demands at the Workplace-Are Information Load, Time Control, and Exploration Associated With Depressiveness?
机构信息
Institute for Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany (Dr Hussenoeder, Dr Conrad, Dr Riedel-Heller) and Center for Cognitive Science, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany (Dr Rodriguez).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2020 May;62(5):383-387. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001833.
OBJECTIVE
According to self-determination theory, autonomy and competence are two essential basic human needs. It is the aim of this study to show that mental demands at the workplace (WPMDs) that address those basic needs can protect employees against depressiveness.
METHODS
Using a sample of 346 working participants (average age 56.2), we derived three WPMDs (Information Load, Time Control, and Exploration) via principal component analysis. We then analyzed how far they predict depressiveness, and how far this mechanism is mediated by perceived fit between job and person (PJF).
RESULTS
Time Control and Exploration significantly reduced depressiveness, and the relationship between exploration and depressiveness was mediated by PJF.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results emphasize the importance of addressing basic human needs at the workplace, and the relevance of PJF for employee mental health.
目的
根据自我决定理论，自主性和能力是人类的两个基本需求。本研究旨在表明，满足这些基本需求的工作场所心理需求（WPMDs）可以保护员工免受抑郁的影响。
方法
本研究使用了 346 名工作参与者（平均年龄 56.2 岁）的样本，通过主成分分析得出了三个 WPMDs（信息负荷、时间控制和探索）。然后，我们分析了它们在多大程度上可以预测抑郁，以及工作与个人匹配（PJF）在多大程度上可以调节这种关系。
结果
时间控制和探索显著降低了抑郁程度，而探索与抑郁之间的关系是通过 PJF 来调节的。
结论
我们的结果强调了在工作场所满足人类基本需求的重要性，以及 PJF 对员工心理健康的相关性。
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