Jung Franziska U, Pabst Alexander, Rodriguez Francisca S, Luppa Melanie, Engel Christoph, Kirsten Toralf, Witte Veronica, Reyes Nigar, Loeffler Markus, Villringer Arno, Riedel-Heller Steffi G
Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
RG Psychosocial Epidemiology & Public Health, Greifswald, Germany.
J Occup Med Toxicol. 2023 Sep 7;18(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s12995-023-00388-0.
So far, previous research suggests positive effects of mental demands at the workplace. However, it may depend on how stressfull these demands are perceived on an individual level.
The aim was to build on previous research by investigating how mental demands are related to stress, overload, and work discontent and whether this relationship is mediated by individuals resources, such as resilience.
A sub-sample of the LIFE Adult Cohort (n = 480) was asked to answer questions on sociodemographic characteristics, objective stress (using the Trier Inventory of Chronic Stress (TICS)), and perceptions of stress with regard to verbal and executive mental demands at work.
According to generalized linear regression models, higher verbal as well as executive mental demands were associated with higher levels of chronic stress, work overload and discontent. Higher levels of resilience were associated with lower levels of these outcomes. Analyses regarding interaction effects revealed that the interaction between resilience and perceived stress of verbal mental demands was significant only in terms of work overload.
Higher perceived stressfulness of mental demands was associated with higher chronic stress, work overload and work discontent. Therefore, mental demands should be targeted by occupational interventions that aim to improve job conditions and employees' overall well-being. Besides resilience, other potential influencers or personal resources should be focused on in future studies to develop interventions.
到目前为止，先前的研究表明工作中的心理需求具有积极影响。然而，这可能取决于个体对这些需求的压力感知程度。
本研究旨在基于先前的研究，调查心理需求与压力、工作负荷过重及工作不满之间的关系，以及这种关系是否由个体资源（如心理韧性）介导。
要求LIFE成人队列的一个子样本（n = 480）回答有关社会人口学特征、客观压力（使用特里尔慢性压力量表（TICS））以及对工作中言语和执行心理需求的压力感知的问题。
根据广义线性回归模型，较高的言语和执行心理需求与较高水平的慢性压力、工作负荷过重和工作不满相关。较高水平的心理韧性与这些结果的较低水平相关。关于交互作用的分析表明，心理韧性与言语心理需求感知压力之间的交互作用仅在工作负荷过重方面具有统计学意义。
较高的心理需求压力感知与较高的慢性压力、工作负荷过重和工作不满相关。因此，旨在改善工作条件和员工整体幸福感的职业干预措施应针对心理需求。除了心理韧性之外，未来的研究应关注其他潜在的影响因素或个人资源，以制定干预措施。
