Wiśniowska-Szurlej Agnieszka, Ćwirlej-Sozańska Agnieszka, Wołoszyn Natalia, Sozański Bernard, Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska Anna
Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2020 Feb 9;9(2):477. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020477.
Older people in institutional care are, for the most part, physically inactive and do not interact with each other or medical staff. Therefore, reducing sedentary behaviour is a new, important, and modifiable lifestyle variable that can improve the health of elderly people. The aim of the project was to assess the degree of improvement in functional performance and the possibility of changing habitual, free time behaviour among elderly people under institutional care by applying physical training with verbal stimulation. The study covered older people, aged 65-85 years, who are living a sedentary lifestyle in care homes in Southeastern Poland. Those who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study and were assigned, at random, to one of four parallel groups: basic exercises ( = 51), basic exercises combined with verbal stimulation ( = 51), functional exercise training ( = 51), and functional exercise training with verbal stimulation ( = 51). No statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed across the groups. Data were collected at baseline and at 12 and 24-weeks following the completion of the intervention. In the group with functional exercise training with verbal stimulation, in comparison to the group with basic exercises, the greatest positive short-term impact of intervention was demonstrated in terms of functional fitness (increased by 1.31 points; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.93-1.70), gait speed (improved by 0.17 m/s, 95% CI = 0.13-0.22), hand grip strength (by over 4 kg; 95% CI = 2.51-4.95), and upper-limb flexibility (by 10 cm; 95% CI = 5.82-12.65). There was also a significant increase in the level of free-time physical activity and an improvement in the quality of life, especially as expressed in the domain of overall physical functioning. Our study showed that a functional exercise program, combined with verbal stimulation, is effective at improving physical fitness and raising the level of free-time physical activity.
在机构护理中的老年人大多身体活动不足，且彼此之间以及与医护人员缺乏互动。因此，减少久坐行为是一个新的、重要的且可改变的生活方式变量，它能够改善老年人的健康状况。该项目的目的是通过应用伴有言语刺激的体育锻炼，评估机构护理中的老年人功能表现的改善程度以及改变其日常休闲时间行为的可能性。该研究涵盖了年龄在65至85岁之间、生活在波兰东南部养老院且久坐不动的老年人。符合入选标准的人被纳入研究，并被随机分配到四个平行组之一：基础锻炼组（n = 51）、基础锻炼结合言语刺激组（n = 51）、功能锻炼训练组（n = 51）以及功能锻炼训练结合言语刺激组（n = 51）。各小组在基线特征方面未观察到统计学上的显著差异。在干预完成后的基线、12周和24周收集数据。在功能锻炼训练结合言语刺激组中，与基础锻炼组相比，干预在功能适应性（提高1.31分；95%置信区间（CI）= 0.93 - 1.70）、步速（提高0.17米/秒，95% CI = 0.13 - 0.22）、握力（超过4千克；95% CI = 来2.51 - 4.95）以及上肢柔韧性（提高10厘米；95% CI = 5.82 - 12.65）方面显示出最大的积极短期影响。休闲时间身体活动水平也有显著提高，生活质量得到改善，尤其是在总体身体功能方面。我们的研究表明，结合言语刺激的功能锻炼计划在改善身体健康和提高休闲时间身体活动水平方面是有效的。
