Faculty of Sports, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.
Faculty of Sports, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), Av. de los Jerónimos, 135, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 22;8(1):1370. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-19764-6.
Lack of physical activity is one of the major causes for obesity and functional disability in the elderly. Including regular exercise in the elderly's lifestyle is not an easy task. The main objective was to analyse the effect of a motivational resistance-training programme on satisfying the individual's psychological needs, level of self-determination and body composition. A quasi-experimental study was performed with 47 volunteers (29 females, 18 males) of 67-75 years of age, divided into two groups: experimental (n = 27) and control (n = 20). A 12-week intervention programme was performed, with a total of 36 sessions. The results of the inter-group analysis indicated significant differences in the post-test measurement between the experimental group and the control group (in favour of the experimental group) regarding basic psychological needs. The experimental group, in comparison to the control group, significantly decreased their percentage of fat mass and increased muscle mass. Body weight and BMI values increased in the control group, while significantly decreasing in the experimental group. In conclusion, the motivational resistance-training programme in the elderly gave rise to positive significant changes at the physical, psychological and social levels, according to the definition of health by the World Health Organization.
缺乏身体活动是导致老年人肥胖和功能障碍的主要原因之一。让老年人将定期锻炼纳入生活方式并不容易。主要目的是分析动机抗阻训练方案对满足个体心理需求、自我决定水平和身体成分的影响。采用准实验研究，纳入 47 名志愿者（29 名女性，18 名男性），年龄 67-75 岁，分为两组：实验组（n=27）和对照组（n=20）。干预方案持续 12 周，共 36 次。组间分析结果表明，实验组和对照组在后测中存在显著差异（有利于实验组），涉及基本心理需求。与对照组相比，实验组的体脂百分比显著降低，肌肉质量显著增加。对照组的体重和 BMI 值增加，而实验组则显著下降。总之，根据世界卫生组织对健康的定义，动机抗阻训练方案在老年人的身体、心理和社会层面产生了积极的显著变化。
