Benedet Anna, Franzoi Marco, Manuelian Carmen Loreto, Penasa Mauro, De Marchi Massimo
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
Associazione Regionale Allevatori del Veneto (ARAV), Corso Australia 67/a, 35136 Padova, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 10;10(2):271. doi: 10.3390/ani10020271.
Serum metabolic profile is a common method to monitor health and nutritional status of dairy cows, but blood sampling and analysis are invasive, time-consuming, and expensive. Milk mid-infrared spectra have recently been used to develop prediction models for blood metabolites. The current study aimed to investigate factors affecting blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and urea nitrogen (BUN) predicted from a large milk mid-infrared spectra database. Data consisted of the first test-day record of early-lactation cows in multi-breed herds. Holstein-Friesian cows had the greatest concentration of blood BHB and NEFA, followed by Simmental and Brown Swiss. The greatest and the lowest concentrations of BUN were detected for Brown Swiss and Holstein-Friesian, respectively. The greatest BHB concentration was observed in the first two weeks of lactation for Brown Swiss and Holstein-Friesian. Across the first month of lactation, NEFA decreased and BUN increased for all considered breeds. The greatest concentrations of blood BHB and NEFA were recorded in spring and early summer, whereas BUN peaked in December. Environmental effects identified in the present study can be included as adjusting factors in within-breed estimation of genetic parameters for major blood metabolites.
血清代谢谱是监测奶牛健康和营养状况的常用方法，但采血和分析具有侵入性、耗时且成本高昂。最近，牛奶中红外光谱已被用于开发血液代谢物的预测模型。本研究旨在调查影响从大型牛奶中红外光谱数据库预测血液β-羟基丁酸（BHB）、非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）和尿素氮（BUN）的因素。数据包括多品种牛群中初产奶牛第一个测试日的记录。荷斯坦奶牛的血液BHB和NEFA浓度最高，其次是西门塔尔牛和瑞士褐牛。瑞士褐牛和荷斯坦奶牛的BUN浓度分别最高和最低。瑞士褐牛和荷斯坦奶牛在泌乳的前两周观察到最高的BHB浓度。在整个泌乳的第一个月，所有考虑的品种中NEFA下降而BUN上升。血液BHB和NEFA的最高浓度记录在春季和初夏，而BUN在12月达到峰值。本研究中确定的环境效应可作为主要血液代谢物品种内遗传参数估计的调整因素。
