Yao Zongli, Zhang Xiaoying, Lai Qifang, Zhou Kai, Gao Pengcheng
Engineering Research Center for Saline-alkaline Water Fisheries, Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Physiology, Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
Biology (Basel). 2020 Feb 10;9(2):27. doi: 10.3390/biology9020027.
Carassius auratus gibelio is an omnivore favored for its flavor and is commonly used as a benthic species in traditional pond polyculture. This study investigated the effects of common aquaculture stressors, such as high ammonia, high nitrite, high pH, and hypoxia on the aerobic metabolism of C. auratus gibelio. The results showed that the standard metabolic rate (SMR) was positively correlated with ammonia, nitrite, and pH, while the maximum metabolic rate (MMR) was negatively correlated with all four stressors. Thus, aerobic scope (AS) was reduced when C. auratus gibelio was exposed to high ammonia, high nitrite, high pH, and hypoxia. The peak of post-prandial O consumption was positively correlated with nitrite, pH, and the occurrence of the peak metabolic rate post-prandial was delayed in high ammonia, high nitrite, hypoxia, and high pH conditions. These findings indicated that, in experimental conditions, exposure to these environmental stressors can influence aerobic metabolism in C. auratus gibelio. With more energy required to maintain standard metabolic rates, less will be available for growth. While the C. auratus gibelio is one of the most hypoxia tolerance species, the reduction we observed in AS caused by stressors that commonly occur in ponds and in nature will likely affect growth in ponds and fitness in nature. These data have provided insight into the optimal, fitness-maximizing thresholds for these common stressors in this species of interest.
异育银鲫是一种因其风味而受到青睐的杂食性鱼类，在传统池塘混养中通常作为底栖物种。本研究调查了常见水产养殖应激源，如高氨、高亚硝酸盐、高pH值和缺氧对异育银鲫有氧代谢的影响。结果表明，标准代谢率（SMR）与氨、亚硝酸盐和pH值呈正相关，而最大代谢率（MMR）与所有四种应激源呈负相关。因此，当异育银鲫暴露于高氨、高亚硝酸盐、高pH值和缺氧环境时，有氧范围（AS）会降低。餐后耗氧量峰值与亚硝酸盐、pH值呈正相关，在高氨、高亚硝酸盐、缺氧和高pH值条件下，餐后代谢率峰值的出现会延迟。这些发现表明，在实验条件下，暴露于这些环境应激源会影响异育银鲫的有氧代谢。维持标准代谢率需要更多能量，可用于生长的能量就会减少。虽然异育银鲫是耐缺氧能力最强的物种之一，但我们观察到池塘和自然环境中常见应激源导致的有氧范围降低，可能会影响池塘中的生长和自然环境中的适应性。这些数据为该感兴趣物种中这些常见应激源的最佳、使适应性最大化的阈值提供了见解。
