College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Jingxuan West Street No. 57, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
Shandong Weishan Lake Wetland Ecosystem National Positioning Observatory, Jining, Shandong, China.
Curr Microbiol. 2020 Jul;77(7):1139-1149. doi: 10.1007/s00284-020-01914-7. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
Fecal microbes play an important role in the survival and health of wild animals. Spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) is one of the representative carnivores in Africa. In this study, we examined the fecal microflora of spotted hyena by conducting high-throughput sequencing of the fecal microbial 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 high mutation region. The effects of age, sex, and feeding environment on the fecal microbiota of spotted hyenas were determined. The results showed that the core bacteria phyla of spotted hyenas fecal microbiota include Firmicutes (at an average relative abundance of 53.93%), Fusobacteria (19.56%), Bacteroidetes (11.40%), Actinobacteria (5.78%), and Proteobacteria (3.26%), etc. Age, gender, and feeding environment all had important effects on the fecal microbiota of spotted hyenas, among which feeding environment might be the most significant. The abundance of the Firmicutes in the adult group was significantly higher than that in the juvenile group, whereas the abundance of Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were significantly lower than that in the juvenile group. The abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae in the female group was significantly higher than that in the male group. There were significant differences between the fecal microbial communities of Jinan group and Weihai group, and microbes from the phyla Firmicutes and Synergistetes were representative species associated with the difference.
粪便微生物在野生动物的生存和健康中发挥着重要作用。斑鬣狗（Crocuta crocuta）是非洲代表性的肉食动物之一。在本研究中，我们通过对粪便微生物 16S rRNA 基因 V3-V4 高变区进行高通量测序，研究了斑鬣狗的粪便微生物群。确定了年龄、性别和饲养环境对斑鬣狗粪便微生物群的影响。结果表明，斑鬣狗粪便微生物群的核心细菌门包括厚壁菌门（平均相对丰度为 53.93%）、梭杆菌门（19.56%）、拟杆菌门（11.40%）、放线菌门（5.78%）和变形菌门（3.26%）等。年龄、性别和饲养环境都对斑鬣狗的粪便微生物群有重要影响，其中饲养环境可能是最重要的影响因素。成年组厚壁菌门的丰度显著高于幼年组，而梭杆菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门的丰度显著低于幼年组。女性组lachnospiraceae 和 ruminococcaceae 的丰度显著高于男性组。济南组和威海组粪便微生物群落存在显著差异，厚壁菌门和互养菌门的微生物是与差异相关的代表性物种。
