影响捷克西门塔尔牛和荷斯坦奶牛产奶量、奶成分及工艺特性的基因多态性
Gene polymorphisms influencing yield, composition and technological properties of milk from Czech Simmental and Holstein cows.
作者信息
Čítek Jindřich, Brzáková Michaela, Hanusová Lenka, Hanuš Oto, Večerek Libor, Samková Eva, Křížová Zuzana, Hoštičková Irena, Kávová Tereza, Straková Karolina, Hasoňová Lucie
机构信息
Faculty of Agriculture, University South Bohemia, CZ37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Dairy Research Institute, CZ16000 Prague, Czech Republic.
出版信息
Anim Biosci. 2021 Jan;34(1):2-11. doi: 10.5713/ajas.19.0520. Epub 2020 Jan 13.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of polymorphic loci and other factors on milk performance and the technological properties of milk.
METHODS
The analysis was performed on Simmental and Holstein cows in field conditions (n = 748). Milk yield in kg, fat and protein percentage and yield were evaluated. Technological properties were evaluated by milk fermentation ability, renneting, and an alcohol test. Polymorphisms in the acyl-CoA diacylgycerol transferase 1 (DGAT1), leptin (LEP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), casein beta (CSN2), casein kappa (CSN3), and lactoglobulin beta genes were genotyped, and association analysis was performed.
RESULTS
The DGAT1 AA genotype was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields (p<0.05). The MM genotype in the LEP gene was associated with a lower protein percentage and the W allele with a higher protein percentage (p<0.05). In cows with the FASN GG genotype, the protein percentage was higher, but the A allele was associated with higher milk, protein and fat yields than the G allele. The TT genotype in SCD1 was associated with the lowest milk, protein and fat yields and with the highest milk protein percentage (p<0.01). The T allele had higher values than the C allele (p<0.05) except for fat percentage. The genotype CSN3 AA was associated with a significantly heightened milk yield; BB was associated with a high protein percentage. The effect of the alleles on the technological properties was not significant. The CSN3 BB genotype was associated with the best alcohol test (p<0.01), and the renneting order was inverse. Milk from cows with the CSN2 A1A1 genotype was best in the milk fermentation ability. CSN3 significantly affected the technological properties.
CONCLUSION
The findings revealed the potential of some polymorphic loci for use in dairy cattle breeding and for the management of milk quality. In field research, the pivotal role of farms in milk yield, composition and technological properties was confirmed.
目的
本研究旨在评估多态性位点及其他因素对奶牛产奶性能和牛奶加工特性的影响。
方法
在田间条件下对西门塔尔牛和荷斯坦奶牛（n = 748）进行分析。评估了以千克计的产奶量、脂肪和蛋白质百分比及产量。通过牛奶发酵能力、凝乳和酒精试验评估加工特性。对酰基辅酶A二酰甘油转移酶1（DGAT1）、瘦素（LEP）、脂肪酸合酶（FASN）、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1（SCD1）、β-酪蛋白（CSN2）、κ-酪蛋白（CSN3）和β-乳球蛋白基因的多态性进行基因分型，并进行关联分析。
结果
DGAT1基因的AA基因型与较高的产奶量、蛋白质和脂肪产量相关（p<0.05）。LEP基因的MM基因型与较低的蛋白质百分比相关，而W等位基因与较高的蛋白质百分比相关（p<0.05）。FASN基因GG基因型的奶牛蛋白质百分比更高，但A等位基因与G等位基因相比，与更高的产奶量、蛋白质和脂肪产量相关。SCD1基因的TT基因型与最低的产奶量、蛋白质和脂肪产量以及最高的牛奶蛋白质百分比相关（p<0.01）。除脂肪百分比外，T等位基因的值高于C等位基因（p<0.05）。CSN3基因的AA基因型与显著提高的产奶量相关；BB基因型与高蛋白质百分比相关。等位基因对加工特性的影响不显著。CSN3基因的BB基因型与最佳酒精试验相关（p<0.01），凝乳顺序相反。CSN2基因A1A1基因型奶牛的牛奶发酵能力最佳。CSN3基因对加工特性有显著影响。
结论
研究结果揭示了一些多态性位点在奶牛育种和牛奶质量管理中的应用潜力。在田间研究中，证实了农场在产奶量、成分和加工特性方面的关键作用。
Zotero 插件