Centro Nacional de Recursos Fitogenéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, 28800, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Feb 13;20(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-2267-z.
Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a forage grain legume of high protein content and high nitrogen fixation, relevant in sustainable agriculture systems. Drought is the main limiting factor of this crop yield. Genetic resources collections are essential to provide genetic variability for breeding. The analysis of drought associated parameters has allowed us to identify drought tolerant and sensitive ecotypes in a vetch core collection.
To understand the mechanisms involved in drought response we analysed transcriptomic differences between tolerant and sensitive accessions. Polymorphic variants (SNPs and SSRs) in these differential expressed genes (DEGs) have also been analysed for the design of drought-associated markers. A total of 1332 transcripts were commonly deregulated in both genotypes under drought. To know the drought adaptive response, we also analysed DEGs between accessions. A total of 2646 transcripts are DEG between sensitive and tolerant ecotypes, in watered and drought conditions, including important genes involved in redox homeostasis, cell wall modifications and stress-response. The integration of this functional and genetic information will contribute to understand the molecular mechanisms of drought response and the adaptive mechanisms of drought tolerance in common vetch. The identification of polymorphic variants in these DEGs has also been screened for the design of drought-associated markers that could be used in future breeding program strategies.
Our studies shed light for the first time in common vetch about the genes and pathways associated with drought tolerance. In addition, we identify over 100 potential drought associated polymorphism, as SNPs or SSRs, which are differently present in drought and tolerant genotypes. The use of these molecular markers for trait prediction would enable the development of genomic tools for future engineering strategies by screening of germplasm crop collections for traits related with crop drought resilience, adaptability or yield in vetch.
普通野豌豆（Vicia sativa L.）是一种高蛋白、高固氮的饲料粮豆，在可持续农业系统中具有重要意义。干旱是影响其产量的主要限制因素。遗传资源的收集对于为培育提供遗传多样性是必不可少的。对与干旱相关参数的分析使我们能够在野豌豆核心品种中鉴定耐旱和敏感的生态型。
为了了解干旱响应所涉及的机制，我们分析了耐旱和敏感品种之间的转录组差异。这些差异表达基因（DEGs）中的多态性变异（SNP 和 SSR）也已被分析，用于设计与干旱相关的标记。在干旱条件下，两种基因型中共有 1332 个转录本普遍下调。为了了解干旱适应反应，我们还分析了品种之间的 DEG。在水培和干旱条件下，敏感和耐旱生态型之间共有 2646 个转录本差异表达，包括涉及氧化还原稳态、细胞壁修饰和应激反应的重要基因。这些功能和遗传信息的整合将有助于了解野豌豆干旱响应的分子机制和耐旱的适应机制。这些 DEGs 中的多态性变异的鉴定也已被筛选，用于设计与干旱相关的标记，可用于未来的育种计划策略。
我们的研究首次在野豌豆中阐明了与耐旱性相关的基因和途径。此外，我们鉴定了 100 多个潜在的与干旱相关的多态性，包括 SNP 和 SSR，它们在干旱和耐旱基因型中存在差异。这些分子标记的使用可用于预测性状，从而为未来的工程策略开发基因组工具，通过筛选作物种质资源库中与野豌豆耐旱性、适应性或产量相关的性状，实现对这些性状的筛选。
