Hruby Adela, Dennis Courtney, Jacques Paul F
Nutritional Epidemiology, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, and Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, USA.
Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
J Nutr. 2020 May 1;150(5):1272-1283. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa021.
The role of dairy in health can be elucidated by investigating circulating metabolites associated with intake.
We sought to identify metabolites associated with quantity and type of dairy intake in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring and Third Generation (Gen3) cohorts.
Dairy intake (total dairy, milk, cheese, yogurt, and cream/butter) was analyzed in relation to targeted (Offspring, n = 2205, 55.1 ± 9.8 y, 52% female, 217 signals; Gen3, n = 866, 40.5 ± 8.8 y, 54.9% female, 79 signals) and nontargeted metabolites (Gen3, ∼7031 signals) in a 2-step analysis including orthogonal projections to latent structures with discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) in discovery subsets to identify metabolites distinguishing between high and low intake; and linear regression in confirmation subsets to assess putative associations, subsequently tested in the total samples. Previously reported associations were also investigated.
OPLS-DA in the Offspring targeted discovery subset resulted in a variable importance in projection (VIP) >1 of 65, 60, 58, 66, and 60 metabolites for total dairy, milk, cream/butter, cheese, and yogurt, respectively, of which 5, 3, 1, 6, and 4 metabolites, respectively, remained after confirmation. In the Gen3 targeted discovery subset, OPLS-DA resulted in a VIP >1 of 17, 15, 13, 7, and 6 metabolites for total dairy, milk, cream/butter, cheese, and yogurt, respectively. In the Gen3 nontargeted discovery subset, OPLS-DA resulted in a VIP >2 of 203, 503, 78, 186, and 206 metabolites, respectively. Combining targeted and nontargeted results in Gen3, significant associations of 7 (6 unannotated), 2, 12 (11 unannotated), 0, and 61 (all unannotated) metabolites, respectively, remained. Candidate identities of unannotated signals included fatty acids and food flavorings. Results supported relations previously reported for C14:0 sphingomyelin, and marginal associations for deoxycholates.
Dairy in 2 American adult cohorts associated with numerous circulating metabolites. Reports about diet-metabolite relations and confirmation of previous findings might be limited by specificity of dietary intake and breadth of measured metabolites.
通过研究与乳制品摄入量相关的循环代谢物，可以阐明乳制品在健康中的作用。
我们试图在弗雷明汉心脏研究后代和第三代（Gen3）队列中确定与乳制品摄入量的数量和类型相关的代谢物。
在一项两步分析中，分析了乳制品摄入量（总乳制品、牛奶、奶酪、酸奶和奶油/黄油）与靶向代谢物（后代，n = 2205，55.1±9.8岁，52%为女性，217个信号；Gen3，n = 866，40.5±8.8岁，54.9%为女性，79个信号）和非靶向代谢物（Gen3，约7031个信号）的关系，包括在发现子集中使用判别分析的潜在结构正交投影（OPLS-DA），以识别区分高摄入量和低摄入量的代谢物；以及在确认子集中进行线性回归以评估假定的关联，随后在总样本中进行测试。还研究了先前报道的关联。
在后代靶向发现子集中，OPLS-DA对总乳制品、牛奶、奶油/黄油、奶酪和酸奶的投影变量重要性（VIP）>1的代谢物分别为65、60、58、66和60种，确认后分别保留5、3、1、6和4种代谢物。在Gen3靶向发现子集中，OPLS-DA对总乳制品、牛奶、奶油/黄油、奶酪和酸奶的VIP>1的代谢物分别为17、15、13、7和6种。在Gen3非靶向发现子集中，OPLS-DA的VIP>2的代谢物分别为203、503、78、186和206种。将Gen3中的靶向和非靶向结果相结合，分别有7种（6种未注释）、2种、12种（11种未注释）、0种和61种（均未注释）代谢物存在显著关联。未注释信号的候选身份包括脂肪酸和食品调味剂。结果支持先前报道的C14:0鞘磷脂的关系，以及脱氧胆酸盐的边缘关联。
两个美国成人队列中的乳制品与多种循环代谢物相关。关于饮食-代谢物关系的报告以及先前发现的确认可能受到饮食摄入量的特异性和测量代谢物的广度的限制。
