Wladimiroff J W, Noordam M J, van den Wijngaard J A, Hop W C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Res. 1988 Nov;24(5):609-12. doi: 10.1203/00006450-198811000-00014.
Maximal flow velocity waveforms were recorded on one occasion from the umbilical artery (UA) and fetal internal carotid artery (ICA) in 240 normal pregnancies and 44 cases of intrauterine growth retardation between 26 and 39 wk of gestation. In normal pregnancy the mean UA pulsatility index (PI) decreased from 1.14 (SD: +/- 0.13) at 26-27 wk of gestation to 0.78 (SD: +/- 0.15) at 38-39 wk. The corresponding decrease in ICA PI was from 1.63 (SD: +/- 0.19) to 1.31 (SD: +/- 0.21). Mean values of UA PI for normal pregnancies were linearly related to gestational age; for ICA PI this relation appeared to be quadratic. Normal limits according to age were constructed by estimated means +/- 2 SD. In intrauterine growth retardation, the UA PI was increased (greater than 2 SD) in 80% of cases, ICA PI was reduced (greater than 2 SD) in only 45%. The outcome of fetuses with intrauterine growth retardation, as expressed by fetal heart rate abnormality, Apgar score at 1 min, and umbilical cord pH, was significantly related to the UA PI but not to the ICA PI.
对240例正常妊娠孕妇以及44例孕26至39周的胎儿宫内生长受限孕妇，在某一时刻记录了脐动脉（UA）和胎儿颈内动脉（ICA）的最大血流速度波形。在正常妊娠中，脐动脉搏动指数（PI）的均值从妊娠26 - 27周时的1.14（标准差：±0.13）降至妊娠38 - 39周时的0.78（标准差：±0.15）。颈内动脉PI的相应降幅则从1.63（标准差：±0.19）降至1.31（标准差：±0.21）。正常妊娠的脐动脉PI均值与孕周呈线性相关；颈内动脉PI与孕周的关系则呈二次函数关系。根据年龄的正常范围通过估计均值±2个标准差来构建。在胎儿宫内生长受限病例中，80%的脐动脉PI升高（大于2个标准差），而只有45%的颈内动脉PI降低（大于2个标准差）。胎儿宫内生长受限胎儿的结局，以胎儿心率异常、1分钟阿氏评分和脐带血pH值来表示，与脐动脉PI显著相关，但与颈内动脉PI无关。
