Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow, Russia.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow, Russia.
J Environ Radioact. 2020 May;216:106184. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106184. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
In April and August 2015, a massive fire occurred in the Chernobyl Exclusion zone. The fire spread to neighboring areas due to the prevailing strong winds. In this paper, we analyze the peat fires as a unique source of radioactive contamination. After an expedition directly to the peat fire site (the evacuation zone of the Bryansk region), we collected a number of aerosol samples. We came to the conclusion that peat fires cannot be the reason for radioactive particle transport in the Bryansk region as well as in the Chernobyl evacuation zone. During the peat fire, radioactive contamination was not transferred by aerosols beyond 500 m. The Cs concentration in the aerosol filters varied between 0.55 and 0.64 Bq/m, and that at the same distance from the fire seat and peat edge was 4.4∙10 Bq/m; the activity values in the peat bog and in the nearest inhabited locality did not exceed the background values. Strontium-90 was not found in aerosol samples. The soil-to-air transport rate of Cs was 2.7∙10. After the Chernobyl accident, the majority of the Cs was incorporated into the structure of clay minerals, and these did not change during the peat fire. The mobility of Cs in the flight peat material particles was established. To confirm the territory status of the evacuation zone, we also collected some food samples. Berries and mushrooms consumed at the assumed rate for dose estimation would result in doses that exceed the public dose limit by approximately a factor of five.
2015 年 4 月和 8 月，切尔诺贝利隔离区发生了一场大规模火灾。由于当时盛行强风，火势蔓延到了周边地区。本文中，我们将分析泥炭火灾作为放射性污染的独特来源。在直接前往泥炭火点（布良斯克地区的疏散区）进行考察后，我们收集了一些气溶胶样本。我们得出的结论是，泥炭火灾不可能是布良斯克地区以及切尔诺贝利疏散区放射性颗粒迁移的原因。在泥炭火灾期间，放射性污染不会通过气溶胶传播到 500 米以外。气溶胶过滤器中的 Cs 浓度在 0.55 到 0.64 Bq/m 之间变化，而在距离火源和泥炭边缘相同距离处的 Cs 浓度为 4.4×10 Bq/m；泥炭沼泽和最近有人居住的地方的放射性活度值没有超过本底值。气溶胶样本中未发现 Sr-90。Cs 从土壤到空气的迁移率为 2.7×10。切尔诺贝利事故发生后，大部分 Cs 已融入粘土矿物的结构中，在泥炭火灾期间这些结构没有改变。确定了 Cs 在飞行泥炭物质颗粒中的迁移性。为了确认疏散区的领土地位，我们还收集了一些食物样本。按照假设的剂量估算摄入量，浆果和蘑菇的食用量会导致剂量超过公众剂量限值约五倍。
