Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 472A Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 472A Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Virology. 2020 Apr;543:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.01.010. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
Arboviruses are an emerging threat to public health. Arbovirus transmission to vertebrates hinges on dissemination from the arthropod gastrointestinal tract, and ultimately infection of the arthropod salivary glands. Therefore, salivary gland immunity impacts arbovirus transmission; however, these immune responses are poorly understood. Here, we describe the utility of Drosophila melanogaster as a salivary gland infection model. First, we describe the use of a salivary gland-specific driver to launch RNA interference or virus replicon transgenes. Next, we infect flies with an arbovirus panel and find multiple viruses that infect Drosophila salivary glands, albeit inefficiently. We find that this infection is not controlled by antiviral RNA silencing; thus, we silence a panel of immune genes in the salivary glands, but do not observe changes in infection. These data suggest that Drosophila may be used to study salivary gland infection, and that there are likely unexplored pathways controlling infection of this tissue.
虫媒病毒对公共卫生是一种新出现的威胁。虫媒病毒向脊椎动物的传播取决于节肢动物的胃肠道传播，最终取决于节肢动物的唾液腺感染。因此，唾液腺免疫影响虫媒病毒的传播；然而，这些免疫反应还知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了黑腹果蝇作为唾液腺感染模型的应用。首先，我们描述了使用唾液腺特异性驱动子来启动 RNA 干扰或病毒复制子转基因。接下来，我们用一组虫媒病毒感染果蝇，发现了多种感染果蝇唾液腺的病毒，但感染效率不高。我们发现这种感染不受抗病毒 RNA 沉默的控制；因此，我们在唾液腺中沉默了一组免疫基因，但没有观察到感染的变化。这些数据表明，果蝇可用于研究唾液腺感染，而且可能存在未被探索的控制该组织感染的途径。
