Yamamoto Riku, Furukawa Tetsuya, Miyagawa Kazuya, Sasaki Takahiko, Kanoda Kazushi, Itou Tetsuaki
Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Jan 31;124(4):046404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.046404.
Solid-state physics and soft-matter physics have been developed independently, with little mutual exchange of the underlying physical concepts. However, after many studies of correlated electron systems, it has been recognized that correlated electrons (especially in Mott-transition systems) in solid matter sometimes show behavior similar to "structured fluids" in soft matter; that is, the electrons exhibit long-length self-organization (but without long-range order) and slow dynamics, which is inevitable for the long-length structures. The essential question is this: what condition causes such behavior in solid matter? We focused on an organic Mott-transition system and demonstrated that the electrons of this system fluctuate very slowly only when the following two factors are met simultaneously: (i) the electronic system is on the metal and Mott-insulator boundary and (ii) the system is subject to quenched disorder. This electronic state with slow dynamics under this condition can be explained by the concept of the "(electronic) Griffiths phase." This concept will potentially be a key in connecting solid-state physics with soft-matter physics.
固态物理和软物质物理一直是独立发展的，基础物理概念之间几乎没有相互交流。然而，在对关联电子系统进行了许多研究之后，人们认识到固体物质中的关联电子（特别是在莫特转变系统中）有时表现出与软物质中“结构化流体”类似的行为；也就是说，电子表现出长程自组织（但没有长程序）和缓慢的动力学，这对于长程结构来说是不可避免的。关键问题是：什么条件会导致固体物质出现这种行为？我们聚焦于一个有机莫特转变系统，并证明只有当以下两个因素同时满足时，该系统的电子才会非常缓慢地波动：（i）电子系统处于金属和莫特绝缘体边界，以及（ii）系统受到淬火无序的影响。在这种条件下具有缓慢动力学的这种电子态可以用“（电子）格里菲斯相”的概念来解释。这个概念可能是连接固态物理和软物质物理的关键。
