Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany; Kriminaltechnisches Institut, Bundeskriminalamt, Äppelallee 45, 65203, Wiesbaden, Germany.
Kriminaltechnisches Institut, Bundeskriminalamt, Äppelallee 45, 65203, Wiesbaden, Germany.
Forensic Sci Int. 2020 Mar;308:110180. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110180. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
The identification of confiscated commercial and military explosives is a crucial step not only in the uncovering of distribution pathways, but it also aids investigating officers in criminal casework. Even though commercial and military explosives mainly rely on a small number of high-energy compounds, a great variety of additives and synthesis by-products can be found that can differ depending on the brand, manufacturer and application. This makes the identification of commercial and military explosives based on their overall composition a promising approach that can be used to establish a pan-European Forensic Substance Database on Explosives. In this work, three analytical techniques were employed to analyze 36 samples of commercial and military explosives from Germany and Switzerland. An HPLC-HRMS method was developed, using 27 analytes of interest that encompass high-energy compounds, synthesis by-products and additives. HPLC-HRMS and XRD were used to gather and confirm molecular information on each sample and XRF analyses were carried out to gain insight on the elemental composition. Combining the results from all three techniques, 41 different additives could be identified as being diagnostic analytes and all samples showed a unique analytical fingerprint, which allows for a differentiation of the samples. Therefore, this work presents a set of methods that can be used as a foundation for the creation and population of a database on explosives that enables the assigning of specific formulations to certain brands, manufacturers and countries of origin.
没收的商业和军用爆炸物的鉴定不仅是揭示分销途径的关键步骤，还有助于调查官员进行刑事案件工作。尽管商业和军用爆炸物主要依赖少数高能化合物，但可以发现大量添加剂和合成副产物，这些副产物可能因品牌、制造商和应用而异。这使得基于爆炸物整体成分对商业和军用爆炸物进行鉴定成为一种很有前途的方法，可以用来建立一个泛欧爆炸物法医物质数据库。在这项工作中，使用了三种分析技术对来自德国和瑞士的 36 个商业和军用爆炸物样本进行了分析。开发了一种 HPLC-HRMS 方法，使用了 27 种感兴趣的分析物，包括高能化合物、合成副产物和添加剂。HPLC-HRMS 和 XRD 用于收集和确认每个样品的分子信息，XRF 分析用于深入了解元素组成。综合所有三种技术的结果，可以鉴定出 41 种不同的添加剂作为诊断分析物，所有样品都显示出独特的分析指纹，这允许对样品进行区分。因此，这项工作提出了一组方法，可以作为创建和填充爆炸物数据库的基础，使特定配方能够分配给特定品牌、制造商和原产国。
