Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Cardioscan Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Department of Cardiology, Prince Charles Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
Heart Lung Circ. 2020 Jul;29(7):988-999. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.01.002. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Ventricular ectopics, also known as ventricular extrasystoles, premature ventricular contractions or complexes (PVC) and ventricular premature depolarisations (VPD) are beats arising from within the ventricles. When they occur in groupings such as bigeminy, trigeminy, couplets and triplets they are referred to as ventricular ectopy. The electrocardiographic (ECG) footprints of a ventricular ectopic include a broad (>110 ms), premature, ventricular complex (QRS deflection); no evidence of pure atrioventricular (AV) conduction; a full, more than, or less than compensatory pause; and discordant QRS and T wave axis. Ventricular ectopy is a very common finding on Holter monitoring at all ages, but particularly in the elderly. In the otherwise normal heart, ventricular ectopy is generally infrequent and a benign finding, but in patients with heart disease, they may be a harbinger to more serious ventricular tachyarrhythmias. In this review, the range and manifestations of ventricular ectopy will be explored in detail with ECG examples.
室性异位搏动，也称为室性期前收缩、室性早搏或复合波（PVC）和室性提前去极化（VPD），是起源于心室的搏动。当它们以成对、成三联、成二联等形式出现时，被称为室性异位搏动。室性异位搏动的心电图（ECG）特征包括宽（>110ms）、提前、室性复合波（QRS 波群）；无纯房室（AV）传导的证据；完全、过度或不完全代偿间歇；以及不一致的 QRS 和 T 波轴。在各年龄段的动态心电图监测中，室性异位搏动都很常见，但在老年人中更为常见。在正常心脏中，室性异位搏动通常不频繁，是良性的，但在心脏病患者中，它们可能预示着更严重的室性心动过速。在这篇综述中，将通过 ECG 示例详细探讨室性异位搏动的范围和表现。
