Chaput Valentin, Martin Antoine, Lejay Laurence
BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
J Exp Bot. 2020 Jun 26;71(13):3816-3826. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa078.
While decades of research have considered redox metabolism as purely defensive, recent results show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for growth and development. Close relationships have been found between the regulation of nitrogen metabolism and ROS in response to both carbon and nitrogen availability. Root nitrate uptake and nitrogen metabolism have been shown to be regulated by a signal from the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) in response to carbon signaling. As a major source of NADP(H), the OPPP is critical to maintaining redox balance under stress situations. Furthermore, recent results suggest that at least part of the regulation of the root nitrate transporter by nitrogen signaling is also linked to the redox status of the plant. This leads to the question of whether there is a more general role of redox metabolism in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism by carbon and nitrogen. This review highlights the role of the OPPP in carbon signaling and redox metabolism, and the interaction between redox and nitrogen metabolism. We discuss how redox metabolism could be an important player in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism in response to carbon/nitrogen interaction and the implications for plant adaptation to extreme environments and future crop development.
尽管数十年来的研究都认为氧化还原代谢纯粹是防御性的，但最近的研究结果表明，活性氧（ROS）对于生长和发育是必需的。人们发现，在响应碳和氮的可利用性时，氮代谢的调节与ROS之间存在密切关系。根系硝酸盐吸收和氮代谢已被证明受来自氧化戊糖磷酸途径（OPPP）的信号调节，以响应碳信号。作为NADP（H）的主要来源，OPPP对于在胁迫情况下维持氧化还原平衡至关重要。此外，最近的研究结果表明，氮信号对根系硝酸盐转运蛋白的调节至少部分也与植物的氧化还原状态有关。这就引出了一个问题：氧化还原代谢在碳和氮对氮代谢的调节中是否具有更普遍的作用。本综述重点介绍了OPPP在碳信号和氧化还原代谢中的作用，以及氧化还原与氮代谢之间的相互作用。我们讨论了氧化还原代谢如何可能在响应碳/氮相互作用时成为氮代谢调节的重要参与者，以及对植物适应极端环境和未来作物发育的影响。
