Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2020 Mar;26(3):288-296. doi: 10.1111/cns.13291. Epub 2020 Feb 16.
A large number of families worldwide suffer from the physical and mental burden posed by stroke. An increasing number of studies aimed at the prevention and treatment of stroke have been conducted. Specifically, manipulating the immune response to stroke is under intense investigation. Microglia are the principal immune cells in the brain and are the first line of defense against the pathophysiology induced by stroke. Increasing evidence has suggested that microglia play diverse roles that depend on dynamic interactions with neurons, astrocytes, and other neighboring cells both in the normal brain and under pathological conditions, including stroke. Moreover, there are dynamic alterations in microglial functions with respect to aging and sex differences in the human brain, which offer a deep understanding of the conditions of stroke patients of different ages and sex. Hence, we review the dynamic microglial reactions caused by aging, sex, and crosstalk with neighboring cells both in normal conditions and after stroke and relevant potential interventions.
全世界有大量家庭深受中风带来的身心负担之苦。越来越多的研究致力于中风的预防和治疗。具体来说，对中风免疫反应的操控正受到深入研究。小胶质细胞是大脑中的主要免疫细胞，是抵抗中风引起的病理生理学反应的第一道防线。越来越多的证据表明，小胶质细胞在正常大脑和病理条件下（包括中风），通过与神经元、星形胶质细胞和其他邻近细胞的动态相互作用，发挥着多样化的作用。此外，在人类大脑中，小胶质细胞的功能会随着年龄和性别差异而发生动态变化，这为深入了解不同年龄和性别的中风患者的情况提供了帮助。因此，我们综述了正常情况下和中风后小胶质细胞因衰老、性别以及与邻近细胞相互作用产生的动态反应，以及相关的潜在干预措施。
