Nor A'shimi Muhammad Harith, Alattraqchi Ahmed Ghazi, Mohd Rani Farahiyah, A Rahman Nor Iza, Ismail Salwani, Abdullah Fatimah Haslina, Othman Norlela, Cleary David W, Clarke Stuart C, Yeo Chew Chieng
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
Department of Pathology, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2019 Jul 31;13(7):626-633. doi: 10.3855/jidc.11455.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen that has the capacity to develop resistance to all classes of antimicrobial compounds. However, very little is known regarding its susceptibility to biocides (antiseptics and disinfectants) and capacity to form biofilms, particularly for Malaysian isolates.
To determine the susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates to commonly-used biocides, investigate their biofilm-forming capacities and the prevalence of biocide resistance and biofilm-associated genes.
. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 100 A. baumannii hospital isolates from Terengganu, Malaysia, towards the biocides benzalkonium chloride (BZK), benzethonium chloride (BZT) and chlorhexidine digluconate (CLX), were determined by broth microdilution. The isolates were also examined for their ability to form biofilms in 96-well microplates. The prevalence of biocide resistance genes qacA, qacE and qacDE1 and the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Majority of the A. baumannii isolates (43%) showed higher MIC values (> 50 µg/mL) for CLX than for BZK (5% for MIC > 50 µg/mL) and BZT (9% for MIC > 50 µg/mL). The qacDE1 gene was predominant (63%) followed by qacE (28%) whereas no isolate was found harbouring qacA. All isolates were positive for the bap and abaI genes although the biofilm-forming capacity varied among the isolates.
The Terengganu A. baumannii isolates showed higher prevalence of qacDE1 compared to qacE although no correlation was found with the biocides' MIC values. No correlation was also observed between the isolates' biofilm-forming capacity and the MIC values for the biocides.
鲍曼不动杆菌是一种革兰氏阴性医院病原体，能够对所有种类的抗菌化合物产生耐药性。然而，对于其对杀菌剂（防腐剂和消毒剂）的敏感性以及形成生物膜的能力，尤其是马来西亚分离株，人们所知甚少。
确定鲍曼不动杆菌分离株对常用杀菌剂的敏感性，研究其生物膜形成能力以及杀菌剂耐药性和生物膜相关基因的流行情况。
采用肉汤微量稀释法测定了从马来西亚登嘉楼的100株鲍曼不动杆菌医院分离株对杀菌剂苯扎氯铵（BZK）、苄索氯铵（BZT）和葡萄糖酸洗必泰（CLX）的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值。还检测了这些分离株在96孔微孔板中形成生物膜的能力。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）确定了杀菌剂耐药基因qacA、qacE和qacDE1以及生物膜相关基因bap和abaI的流行情况。
大多数鲍曼不动杆菌分离株（43%）对CLX的MIC值（>50μg/mL）高于对BZK（MIC>50μg/mL的为5%）和BZT（MIC>50μg/mL的为9%）。qacDE1基因占主导地位（63%），其次是qacE（28%），而未发现携带qacA的分离株。所有分离株的bap和abaI基因均为阳性，尽管分离株之间的生物膜形成能力有所不同。
登嘉楼的鲍曼不动杆菌分离株中qacDE1的流行率高于qacE，尽管未发现与杀菌剂的MIC值相关。分离株的生物膜形成能力与杀菌剂的MIC值之间也未观察到相关性。
