Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Prev Vet Med. 2020 Mar;176:104913. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104913. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite with worldwide distribution, which primarily causes disease in dogs and cattle. It has been recognized as an important cause of epidemic and endemic abortion in cattle around the world. There is no study to demonstrate the country level picture of the disease in Iran and estimate the extent of the problem, quantitatively. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to systematically review the observational studies on bovine neosporosis in Iran and estimate an overall serologic prevalence of the infection in the cattle population. Search for all published reports on N. caninum in Iran was conducted from inception until September 2018. Major English (PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct) and Persian (IranDoc, SID, Iranmedex, and Magiran) electronic database sources were used for this study. After removing duplicated articles, 128 documents remained. Unrelated articles (89) were excluded after primary screening and 39 articles were evaluated for eligibility. Finally, 37 studies from 33 articles were recognized as eligible and were included in the present work. The author screened the studies and extracted the data twice, carefully. Based on the meta-analysis, the overall serologic prevalence of N. caninum in 10,967 cattle with 2619 positive ones was 23.6 % with 95 % CI: 19.8-27.9 %. The random effect model was used for meta-analysis because the Cochran Q value (795.10, df = 36, P < 0.001) and Higgins index (I = 95.47 %) showed statistically significant heterogeneity. In subgroup meta-analysis, abortion status of the animal and geographical location of the study showed significant association with serologic prevalence, while age and breed did not have significant associations. No publication bias was detected, and sensitivity analysis showed stability of the overall estimate after excluding any individual study. It could be concluded that N. caninum is widespread in cattle population in Iran and the time is right to implement national level educational and control programs for it.
刚地弓形虫是一种具有全球分布的顶复门寄生虫，主要引起犬和牛的疾病。它已被认为是世界范围内引起牛流行和地方性流产的重要原因。目前还没有研究显示伊朗该病的全国范围情况，也没有对该问题进行定量估计。因此，本研究的目的是系统地综述伊朗牛弓形虫病的观察性研究，并估计牛群感染的总体血清流行率。从研究开始到 2018 年 9 月，对伊朗所有发表的刚地弓形虫研究报告进行了搜索。本研究主要使用了英文（PubMed、Scopus 和 Science Direct）和波斯语（IranDoc、SID、Iranmedex 和 Magiran）电子数据库来源。在去除重复的文章后，仍有 128 篇文章。经过初步筛选，排除了 89 篇不相关的文章，然后对 39 篇文章进行了资格评估。最终，从 33 篇文章中识别出 37 项符合条件的研究，并纳入本研究。作者仔细地对这些研究进行了两次筛查和数据提取。基于荟萃分析，10967 头牛中有 2619 头呈阳性，总体血清阳性率为 23.6%，95%置信区间为 19.8-27.9%。由于 Cochran Q 值（795.10，df = 36，P < 0.001）和 Higgins 指数（I = 95.47%）显示存在统计学显著异质性，因此采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。在亚组荟萃分析中，动物流产状态和研究地理位置与血清流行率呈显著相关，而年龄和品种与血清流行率无显著相关性。未检测到发表偏倚，敏感性分析显示在排除任何单项研究后，总体估计值稳定。可以得出结论，刚地弓形虫在伊朗牛群中广泛存在，现在正是实施国家层面教育和控制计划的时机。
