University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Kinesiology, United States.
San Diego State University, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, United States.
J Sci Med Sport. 2020 Aug;23(8):721-725. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.01.012. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
The purpose of this study was to compare the association of sport specialization with previous overuse and acute injuries between male and female adolescent athletes.
Cross-sectional study.
Questionnaires were completed by adolescent athletes from various sports at sport club summer events in the state of Wisconsin. Adolescent athletes (12-18 years old) who were active in organized sports in the previous year were recruited. The questionnaire contained demographics, sport participation, sport specialization classification, and previous injury history. Sport specialization classification was determined using common methods in sport specialization research. Previous injury was restricted to athletic injuries that occurred in the past year.
Two-thousand and eleven participants (age=13.7±1.6 years, females=989) completed the questionnaire. Highly specialized athletes were more likely to report both acute and overuse injuries compared to low specialization athletes. However, this relationship differed by sex, with only moderate and highly specialized females being more likely (Moderate: OR [95%CI]=1.74 [1.18-2.58], p=0.005; High: OR [95%CI]=1.69 [1.14-2.53], p=0.010) to report an overuse injury compared to low specialization females. Highly specialized female athletes were more likely to report an acute injury (High: OR [95%CI]=1.46 [1.06-2.02], p=0.022) compared to low specialization females. Highly specialized male athletes were not associated with overuse or acute injuries.
Highly specialized athletes were more likely to report acute and overuse injuries. However, when this analysis was separated by sex, only highly specialized females were more likely to report a previous overuse or acute injury.
本研究旨在比较男性和女性青少年运动员专项运动与既往过度使用和急性损伤的关系。
横断面研究。
在威斯康星州的体育俱乐部夏季活动中，对来自各种运动的青少年运动员进行问卷调查。招募了过去一年积极参加有组织运动的青少年运动员。问卷包括人口统计学、运动参与、运动专项分类和既往损伤史。运动专项分类采用运动专项研究中的常用方法确定。既往损伤仅限于过去一年发生的运动损伤。
2111 名参与者（年龄=13.7±1.6 岁，女性=989 人）完成了问卷。与低专项化运动员相比，高度专项化运动员更有可能报告急性和过度使用损伤。然而，这种关系因性别而异，只有中度和高度专项化的女性更有可能（中度：OR [95%CI]=1.74 [1.18-2.58]，p=0.005；高度：OR [95%CI]=1.69 [1.14-2.53]，p=0.010）报告过度使用损伤，而低度专项化女性。高度专项化的女性运动员更有可能报告急性损伤（高度：OR [95%CI]=1.46 [1.06-2.02]，p=0.022），而低度专项化女性。高度专项化的男性运动员与过度使用或急性损伤无关。
高度专项化的运动员更有可能报告急性和过度使用损伤。然而，当将这一分析按性别分开时，只有高度专项化的女性更有可能报告既往过度使用或急性损伤。
