Key Laboratory of Life-organic Analysis of Shandong Province and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Natural Medicine Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, P.R. China.
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.
J Sep Sci. 2020 May;43(9-10):1838-1846. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201901346. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Lipidomics plays an essential role in the development of an improved understanding of lipids metabolism and the identification of new biomarkers or therapeutic targets of related diseases. The strong analytical power of mass spectrometry and its rapid developments in the respect of instruments and techniques have significantly accelerated the emerging lipidomics and related application fields in biology, medicine, and pharmacy. The strategy of chemical derivatization can remarkably improve the shortcomings of mass spectrometric analytical technologies of shotgun lipidomics and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and in the past decade many related studies have been reported for fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins, monoglycerides, diacylglycerols, long-chain bases, steroids, and so on. Therefore, this review will focus on new chemical derivatization approaches about the research progresses of shotgun-based and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based targeted lipidomics (from 2005 to July 2019, most of reports emerged in the past 5 years), and put forward the problems and prospects in this field. It is expected to be helpful for the design and synthesis of new derivatization reagents, especially the outstanding stable isotope labeling derivatization reagents, and the development and application of new chemical derivatization strategies and matched mass spectrometric analysis methods.
脂质组学在深入了解脂质代谢以及鉴定相关疾病的新型生物标志物或治疗靶点方面发挥着重要作用。质谱强大的分析能力及其在仪器和技术方面的快速发展，极大地推动了脂质组学及其在生物学、医学和药学相关应用领域的发展。化学衍生化策略可以显著改善 shotgun 脂质组学和液相色谱质谱分析技术的缺点，在过去十年中，已有许多相关研究报道了脂肪酸、甘油磷脂、神经鞘磷脂、单甘油酯、二酰基甘油、长链碱基、甾体等方面的研究。因此，本文将重点综述基于 shotgun 脂质组学和基于液相色谱质谱的靶向脂质组学（2005 年至 2019 年 7 月，大部分报道集中在过去 5 年）的新型化学衍生化方法的研究进展，并提出该领域存在的问题及展望。本文有望为新型衍生化试剂，尤其是优异的稳定同位素标记衍生化试剂的设计和合成，以及新型化学衍生化策略和匹配的质谱分析方法的发展和应用提供参考。
