Baldini Mario, Da Borso Francesco, Rossi Andrea, Taverna Mario, Bovolenta Stefano, Piasentier Edi, Corazzin Mirco
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
La Rossa Pezzata of Friuli Venezia Giulia cooperative society, 33080 Fiume Veneto, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 13;10(2):296. doi: 10.3390/ani10020296.
This study aimed to assess the environmental footprint of dairy farms rearing a dual-purpose breed, and to evaluate, through alternative scenario analyses, the fattening of calves and the cultivation of hemp as strategies for reducing the environmental impact of these farms. Eleven farms were evaluated for global warming (GWP), acidification (AC) and eutrophication (EUP) potential. The Life Cycle Assessment method with three scenarios, REAL, based on real data, BEEF, where calves were fattened in farm, and HEMP, where hemp was cultivated in farms, were considered. If referred to 1 m of utilizable agricultural land, the GWP, AC and EUP were 1.6 kgCOeq, 21.7 gSOeq and 7.1 gPOeq, respectively. If referring to 1 kg of fat and protein corrected milk, the emissions were 1.1-1.4 kgCOeq, 14.8-19.0 gSOeq, and 5.0-6.4 gPOeq, depending on the allocation method adopted. The emissions were associated positively with culling rate and negatively with production intensity. In BEEF and HEMP scenarios, the emissions were reduced by 8-11% and by 1-5%, respectively. Fattening the calves, evaluating the cultivation of alternative plants and improving the productive and reproductive efficiency of animals could be effective strategies for reducing the environmental footprint of the farm.
本研究旨在评估饲养兼用型品种奶牛场的环境足迹，并通过替代情景分析，评估犊牛育肥和种植大麻作为减少这些农场环境影响策略的效果。对11个农场的全球变暖潜势（GWP）、酸化潜势（AC）和富营养化潜势（EUP）进行了评估。采用生命周期评估方法，考虑了三种情景：基于实际数据的REAL情景、犊牛在农场育肥的BEEF情景以及农场种植大麻的HEMP情景。若以1平方米可利用农业用地计，GWP、AC和EUP分别为1.6千克二氧化碳当量、21.7克二氧化硫当量和7.1克磷酸根当量。若以1千克脂肪和蛋白质校正乳计，根据所采用的分配方法，排放量为1.1 - 1.4千克二氧化碳当量、14.8 - 19.0克二氧化硫当量和5.0 - 6.4克磷酸根当量。排放量与淘汰率呈正相关，与生产强度呈负相关。在BEEF情景和HEMP情景中，排放量分别降低了8 - 11%和1 - 5%。犊牛育肥、评估替代植物种植以及提高动物的生产和繁殖效率可能是减少农场环境足迹的有效策略。
