Montoya-Flores María Denisse, Molina-Botero Isabel Cristina, Arango Jacobo, Romano-Muñoz José Luis, Solorio-Sánchez Francisco Javier, Aguilar-Pérez Carlos Fernando, Ku-Vera Juan Carlos
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mérida 97300, Mexico.
National Center for Disciplinary Research in Physiology and Animal Breeding, National Institute for Forestry, Crops, and Livestock Research - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ajuchitlán 76280, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 13;10(2):300. doi: 10.3390/ani10020300.
The effects of dietary inclusion of dried leaves (DLL) on nutrient digestibility, fermentation parameters, microbial rumen population, and production of enteric methane (CH) in crossbred heifers were evaluated. Four heifers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design consisting of four periods and four levels of inclusion of DLL: 0%, 12%, 24%, and 36% of dry matter (DM) intake. Results showed that DM intake (DMI), organic matter intake, and gross energy intake (GEI) were similar ( > 0.05) among treatments. Apparent digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and energy decreased with increasing levels of DLL in the ration ( < 0.05). In contrast, digestible crude protein (CP) was higher ( < 0.05) in treatments with 12% and 24% DM of DLL. The inclusion of DLL did not affect ( > 0.05) rumen pH and total volatile fatty acids. Rumen microbial community was not affected ( > 0.05) by treatment. There was a linear reduction ( < 0.05) in CH emissions as the levels of DLL in the ration were increased. Results of this study suggest that an inclusion of 12% DM of ration as DLL enhances digestible CP and reduces daily production of enteric CH without adversely affecting DMI, rumen microbial population, and fermentation parameters.
评估了在杂交小母牛日粮中添加干树叶（DLL）对养分消化率、发酵参数、瘤胃微生物种群以及肠道甲烷（CH）产生的影响。采用4×4拉丁方设计，选用4头小母牛，分为4个时期，设置4个DLL添加水平：占干物质（DM）摄入量的0%、12%、24%和36%。结果表明，各处理间的干物质摄入量（DMI）、有机物摄入量和总能摄入量（GEI）相似（P>0.05）。随着日粮中DLL水平的增加，有机物、中性洗涤纤维和能量的表观消化率降低（P<0.05）。相比之下，添加12%和24% DM的DLL处理中，可消化粗蛋白（CP）含量较高（P<0.05）。添加DLL对瘤胃pH值和总挥发性脂肪酸没有影响（P>0.05）。处理对瘤胃微生物群落没有影响（P>0.05）。随着日粮中DLL水平的增加，CH排放量呈线性下降（P<0.05）。本研究结果表明，日粮中添加12% DM的DLL可提高可消化CP含量，并减少肠道CH的日产量，且不会对DMI、瘤胃微生物种群和发酵参数产生不利影响。
