与酒精使用障碍相关的因素：抑郁、焦虑、压力、述情障碍和工作疲劳的作用-黎巴嫩的一项人群研究。
Factors associated with alcohol use disorder: the role of depression, anxiety, stress, alexithymia and work fatigue- a population study in Lebanon.
机构信息
Research and Psychology departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Feb 18;20(1):245. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8345-1.
BACKGROUND
International research showed that common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, social anxiety, stress, alexithymia and having insecure attachment styles are risk factors for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Our objective was to study the factors associated withAUD in a sample of the Lebanese population.
METHODS
During the period lasting from November 2017 to March 2018, a sample of 789 Lebanese participants agreed to contribute to a cross-sectional study (53.23% males). Alcohol use disorder was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT).
RESULTS
A high risk of AUD was associated with higher alexithymia (ORa = 1.030; CI 1.009-1.051), depression (ORa = 1.076; CI 1.050-1.103) and suicidal ideation (ORa = 1.253; CI 1.026-1.531) in a significant manner. In opposition, a higher number of kids (ORa = 0.863; CI 0.752-0.991), being a female (ORa = 0.460; CI 0.305-0.694) and higher emotional management (ORa = 0.962; CI 0.937-0.988) were significantly associated with lower AUD risk. A cluster analysis derived three mutually exclusive clusters. Cluster 1 formed 45.4% of the sample and assembled people with psychological difficulties (work fatigue and high stress, high emotional work fatigue and low emotional intelligence, low self-esteem, high social phobia, high alexithymia); Cluster 2 formed 34.4% of the sample and assembled people with high wellbeing (low suicidal ideation, low emotional work fatigue, depression and anxiety, high emotional intelligence, high self-esteem and low social phobia); whereas cluster 3 formed 20.2% of the sample and represented people with mental dysfunction (high anxiety and depression, high suicidal ideation, low self-esteem and high social phobia, low emotional intelligence, high emotional work fatigue). People with psychological difficulties (cluster 1) (Beta = 5.547; CI 4.430-6.663), and people in distress (cluster 3) (Beta = 7.455; CI 5.945-8.965) were associated with higher AUDIT scores than those with high wellbeing (cluster 2).
CONCLUSION
AUD seems to be influenced by several factors among the Lebanese population, including alexithymia, stress, anxiety and work fatigue. Healthcare professionals should spread awareness to reduce the prevalence of these factors.
背景
国际研究表明，抑郁、焦虑、社交焦虑、压力、述情障碍和不安全依恋等常见精神障碍是酒精使用障碍（AUD）的风险因素。我们的目的是研究黎巴嫩人群样本中与 AUD 相关的因素。
方法
在 2017 年 11 月至 2018 年 3 月期间，789 名黎巴嫩参与者同意参与一项横断面研究（53.23%为男性）。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）评估 AUD。
结果
高 AUD 风险与较高的述情障碍（ORa=1.030；CI 1.009-1.051）、抑郁（ORa=1.076；CI 1.050-1.103）和自杀意念（ORa=1.253；CI 1.026-1.531）显著相关。相反，孩子较多（ORa=0.863；CI 0.752-0.991）、女性（ORa=0.460；CI 0.305-0.694）和较高的情绪管理（ORa=0.962；CI 0.937-0.988）与较低的 AUD 风险显著相关。聚类分析得出了三个相互排斥的聚类。第 1 聚类占样本的 45.4%，聚集了有心理困难的人（工作疲劳和高压力、高情绪工作疲劳和低情商、低自尊、高社交恐惧症、高述情障碍）；第 2 聚类占样本的 34.4%，聚集了有较高幸福感的人（自杀意念低、情绪工作疲劳低、抑郁和焦虑低、情商高、自尊高和社交恐惧症低）；而第 3 聚类占样本的 20.2%，代表有精神障碍的人（焦虑和抑郁高、自杀意念高、自尊低和社交恐惧症高、情商低、情绪工作疲劳高）。有心理困难的人（第 1 聚类）（Beta=5.547；CI 4.430-6.663）和处于困境中的人（第 3 聚类）（Beta=7.455；CI 5.945-8.965）与幸福感高的人（第 2 聚类）相比，AUDIT 评分更高。
结论
AUD 似乎受到黎巴嫩人群中包括述情障碍、压力、焦虑和工作疲劳在内的多种因素的影响。医疗保健专业人员应提高认识，以降低这些因素的流行率。
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