影响妊娠期糖尿病女性生活质量的因素：路径分析模型。
Factors affecting the quality of life in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a path analysis model.
机构信息
Department of Health Education, School of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Health Education and Promotion & Research center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
出版信息
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Feb 18;18(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01293-4.
BACKGROUND
Quality of life (QoL) is the most important indicator for assessing the status of health care in chronic diseases. The present study aimed to determine the pathway determinants model of QoL in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 329 women with GM referred to health care centers in Qom, Iran during 2018. Convenience sampling methods was used. Inclusion criteria were: afflicted by GM and received pregnancy care services from health center. Several questionnaires (Knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy (SE), social support (SS), pregnancy distress, self-management(SM) and QoL) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed with SPSS-21 and Lisrel-8.8 software using statistical path analysis.
RESULTS
The mean age of participants was 30.93 ± 5.42 years. The final path model fitted well (CFI =1, RMSEA = 0.0003) and showed that, only age variable from both direct and indirect path had an impact on QoL (B = 0.51). Among variables that directly affected the QoL, SS had the highest effect (B = 1.02) and SE (B = 0.01) had the lowest effect. In the indirect path, only the knowledge variable by affecting the SE had an impact on the QoL (B = 0.0045).
CONCLUSION
SS had the greatest impact on the QoL. Obviously, providing all the requirements to support patients can help them overcome problems and improve their QoL. Distress negatively affects the QoL through SM and it should be noticed in interventional studies.
背景
生活质量（QoL）是评估慢性病医疗保健状况的最重要指标。本研究旨在确定妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者 QoL 的路径决定因素模型。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，于 2018 年在伊朗库姆的医疗中心对 329 名患有 GDM 的妇女进行。采用便利抽样法。纳入标准为：患有 GDM 并从医疗中心接受妊娠护理服务。使用了几种问卷（知识、态度、自我效能（SE）、社会支持（SS）、妊娠困扰、自我管理（SM）和 QoL）来收集数据。使用 SPSS-21 和 Lisrel-8.8 软件进行数据分析，采用统计路径分析。
结果
参与者的平均年龄为 30.93±5.42 岁。最终路径模型拟合良好（CFI=1，RMSEA=0.0003），表明仅年龄变量通过直接和间接路径对 QoL 有影响（B=0.51）。在直接影响 QoL 的变量中，SS 的影响最大（B=1.02），SE 的影响最小（B=0.01）。在间接路径中，只有知识变量通过影响 SE 对 QoL 有影响（B=0.0045）。
结论
SS 对 QoL 的影响最大。显然，提供所有支持患者的要求可以帮助他们克服问题并提高他们的 QoL。困扰通过 SM 对 QoL 产生负面影响，在干预性研究中应予以注意。
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