Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Apr;30(7-8):1026-1036. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15648. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
To explore the association between perceived stress and quality of life (QoL) and the mediating role of general self-efficacy and social support in this association. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases suffered by pregnant women. Women with previous GDM may experience more medical-related stress and have a lower QoL than those without it. A multisite correlational study. Four hundred sixty-five women with previous GDM living in rural areas in China participated in this study from November 2017 to June 2019. The participants completed a set of self-reported socio-demographic questionnaires, the Perceived Stress Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale and the World Health Organization QoL assessment (Brief version). STROBE checklist was used as the guideline for this study. The mean QoL score was 13.97 (SD 2.07) for physical health, 13.75 (SD 1.98) for psychological health, 14.96 (SD 1.99) for social relations and 12.49 (SD 1.74) for environmental conditions. About 43.9% of women with previous GDM reported increased stress, which was negatively correlated with each of these QoL domains. Yet, the negative effect of perceived stress on QoL could be completely or partly mediated by better social support or general self-efficacy among this population. Nearly half of the women in the study living in rural China reported increased stress after delivery, and there is room to improve QoL in the environmental domain among women with previous GDM. Increasing general self-efficacy or social support can help these women avoid the negative effects of perceived stress on their QoL. These findings suggest that healthcare providers need to be cognizant of the importance of self-efficacy and social support for women with previous GDM in both enhancing QoL and reducing the negative impact of perceived stress on QoL.
探讨感知压力与生活质量（QoL）之间的关系，以及一般自我效能感和社会支持在这种关系中的中介作用。妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是孕妇最常见的代谢性疾病之一。患有既往 GDM 的女性可能会经历更多与医疗相关的压力，生活质量（QoL）低于无 GDM 的女性。这是一项多中心相关性研究。2017 年 11 月至 2019 年 6 月，来自中国农村地区的 465 名患有既往 GDM 的女性参与了这项研究。参与者完成了一套自我报告的社会人口学问卷、感知压力量表、一般自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表和世界卫生组织生活质量评估（简短版）。本研究遵循 STROBE 清单。身体健康的平均 QoL 评分为 13.97（标准差 2.07），心理健康为 13.75（标准差 1.98），社会关系为 14.96（标准差 1.99），环境条件为 12.49（标准差 1.74）。约 43.9%的既往 GDM 女性报告压力增加，这与这些 QoL 领域均呈负相关。然而，在这一人群中，感知压力对 QoL 的负面影响可以通过更好的社会支持或一般自我效能感完全或部分中介。在中国农村地区生活的近一半女性在产后报告压力增加，既往 GDM 女性的环境领域 QoL 还有提升空间。提高一般自我效能感或社会支持可以帮助这些女性避免感知压力对 QoL 的负面影响。这些发现表明，医疗保健提供者需要认识到自我效能感和社会支持对既往 GDM 女性的重要性，这既可以提高 QoL，又可以减轻感知压力对 QoL 的负面影响。
