Wang Song, Deng Junhao, Fu Haitao, Guo Zhongkui, Zhang Licheng, Tang Peifu
School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Feb 15. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.069.
Persisted myelin debris inhibit axon regeneration and contribute to further tissue damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). The traditional view is that myelin debris is mainly cleared by microglia and macrophages, while astrocytes cannot directly engulf myelin debris because they are absent from lesion core. Here, we definitely showed that astrocytes could directly uptake myelin debris both in vitro and in vivo to effectively complement the clearance function. Therefore, it can be shown that astrocytes can exert myelin clearance effect directly and indirectly after spinal cord injury. The damaged myelin debris was transported to lysosomes for degradation through endocytosis pathways, finally resulting in excessive gliosis. This process may be a potential target for regulating neural tissue repair and excessive glia scar formation after SCI.
残留的髓磷脂碎片会抑制轴突再生，并导致脊髓损伤（SCI）后进一步的组织损伤。传统观点认为，髓磷脂碎片主要由小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞清除，而星形胶质细胞不能直接吞噬髓磷脂碎片，因为损伤核心部位没有星形胶质细胞。在此，我们明确表明，星形胶质细胞在体外和体内均可直接摄取髓磷脂碎片，以有效补充清除功能。因此，可以证明星形胶质细胞在脊髓损伤后可直接和间接发挥髓磷脂清除作用。受损的髓磷脂碎片通过内吞途径被转运至溶酶体进行降解，最终导致胶质细胞过度增生。这一过程可能是调节脊髓损伤后神经组织修复和胶质瘢痕过度形成的潜在靶点。
