Porter C H, Collins R C
Medical Entomology Research and Training Unit, Center for Infectious Diseases, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 Dec;39(6):559-66. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1988.39.559.
A comprehensive study of the transmission of Onchocerca volvulus at 4 locations in Guatemala with different prevalence rates of onchocerciasis included observations on potential secondary vectors, the most prevalent of which were Simulium metallicum, S. callidum, and S. gonzalezi. Filariae encountered in S. metallicum were primarily of a Dipetalonema-like species, but third-stage larvae indistinguishable from O. volvulus were found in 4 flies of this species. Our findings suggest that O. volvulus may occasionally be transmitted by S. metallicum, but such transmission is likely limited to areas having both a high parasite prevalence maintained by S. ochraceum and a relatively high host-seeking density of S. metallicum. Two third-stage larvae that could not be differentiated from O. volvulus were found once in S. gonzalezi; however, transmission by this species appears to be inconsequential.
在危地马拉4个盘尾丝虫病患病率不同的地点对盘尾丝虫传播情况进行的一项综合研究，包括对潜在次要传播媒介的观察，其中最常见的是金属蚋、美丽蚋和冈氏蚋。在金属蚋体内发现的丝虫主要是类双瓣丝虫属物种，但在该物种的4只苍蝇中发现了无法与盘尾丝虫区分的第三期幼虫。我们的研究结果表明，盘尾丝虫偶尔可能由金属蚋传播，但这种传播可能仅限于由赭色蚋维持的寄生虫患病率高且金属蚋宿主寻找密度相对较高的地区。在冈氏蚋中曾有一次发现2只无法与盘尾丝虫区分的第三期幼虫；然而，该物种的传播似乎并不重要。
