Vander Wyst Kiley B, Olson Micah L, Keller Colleen S, Soltero Erica G, Williams Allison N, Peña Armando, Ayers Stephanie L, Jager Justin, Shaibi Gabriel Q
Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona.
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona.
Pediatr Obes. 2020 Jun;15(6):e12620. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12620. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
Body composition differences between males and females emerge during adolescence and continue throughout adulthood; however, whether sex moderates body composition changes in adolescents with obesity after an intervention is unknown.
To examine sex as a moderator of changes in adiposity following lifestyle intervention.
A total of 136 Latino youth with obesity (BMI% 98.2 ± 1.3) aged 14 to 16 years old were randomized to either a 12-week lifestyle intervention (27 males/40 females) or control (35 males/34 females) group. The intervention included nutrition education (1 h/wk) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (3 h/wk). Anthropometric data (body mass index [BMI], BMI%, waist circumference, total body fat, and fat-free mass) were obtained pre- and post-intervention. Sex differences were examined by general linear models with significance determined at P < .05 for the F-statistic.
Sex did not moderate changes in BMI (F = 0.01, P = .9), BMI% (F = 0.14, P = .7), or waist circumference (F = 1.1, P = .3). Sex significantly moderated changes in body fat percent (F = 5.3, P = .02), fat mass (F = 4.5, P = .04), and fat-free mass (F = 4.3, P = .04). Intervention males compared with females had greater relative reductions in fat percent (-4.1 ± 0.8% vs -1.2 ± 0.7%, P = .02) and fat mass (-5.0 ± 1.1 kg vs -1.5 ± 0.9 kg, P = .02) and gained more fat free mass (3.6 ± 0.9 kg vs 0.5 ± 0.8 kg, P = .02) when compared with same sex controls.
Males and females exhibited a differential response to lifestyle intervention for percent fat, fat mass, and fat-free mass indicating that sex-specific improvements in body composition favours males over females.
男性和女性的身体成分差异在青春期出现，并持续至成年期；然而，在肥胖青少年接受干预后，性别是否会调节其身体成分变化尚不清楚。
研究性别作为生活方式干预后肥胖度变化的调节因素。
总共136名14至16岁的肥胖拉丁裔青少年（BMI% 98.2±1.3）被随机分为12周生活方式干预组（27名男性/40名女性）或对照组（35名男性/34名女性）。干预措施包括营养教育（每周1小时）和中度至剧烈体育活动（每周3小时）。在干预前后获取人体测量数据（体重指数[BMI]、BMI%、腰围、全身脂肪和去脂体重）。通过一般线性模型检查性别差异，F统计量的显著性水平设定为P <.05。
性别并未调节BMI（F = 0.01，P =.9）、BMI%（F = 0.14，P =.7）或腰围（F = 1.1，P =.3）的变化。性别显著调节了体脂百分比（F = 5.3，P =.02）、脂肪量（F = 4.5，P =.04）和去脂体重（F = 4.3，P =.04）的变化。与女性相比，干预组男性的脂肪百分比相对降低幅度更大（-4.1±0.8%对-1.2±0.7%，P =.02），脂肪量降低幅度更大（-5.0±1.1 kg对-1.5±0.9 kg，P =.02），且与同性对照组相比，获得的去脂体重更多（3.6±0.9 kg对0.5±0.8 kg，P =.02）。
男性和女性对生活方式干预在体脂百分比、脂肪量和去脂体重方面表现出不同反应，表明在身体成分的性别特异性改善方面，男性优于女性。
