Universidad de Buenos Aire (UBA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica (FFyB), Instituto de Fisiopatologia y Bioquimica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Junín 956, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Catedra de Fisiologia, Instituto de Quimica y Metabolismo del Farmaco, CONICET, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(12):1356-1364. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200219095548.
The most important activity of erythropoietin (EPO) is the regulation of erythrocyte production by activation of the erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R), which triggers the activation of anti-apoptotic and proliferative responses of erythroid progenitor cells. Additionally, to erythropoietic EPO activity, an antiapoptotic effect has been described in a wide spectrum of tissues. EPO low levels are found in the central nervous system (CNS), while EPO-R is expressed in most CNS cell types. In spite of EPO-R high levels expressed during the hypoxicischemic brain, insufficient production of endogenous cerebral EPO could be the cause of determined circuit alterations that lead to the loss of specific neuronal populations. In the heart, high EPO-R expression in cardiac progenitor cells appears to contribute to myocardial regeneration under EPO stimulation. Several lines of evidence have linked EPO to an antiapoptotic role in CNS and in heart tissue. In this review, an antiapoptotic role of EPO/EPO-R system in both brain and heart under hypoxic conditions, such as epilepsy and sudden death (SUDEP) has been resumed. Additionally, their protective effects could be a new field of research and a novel therapeutic strategy for the early treatment of these conditions and avoid SUDEP.
促红细胞生成素（EPO）最重要的作用是通过激活促红细胞生成素受体（EPO-R）来调节红细胞的生成，从而触发红系祖细胞抗凋亡和增殖反应的激活。此外，EPO 在广泛的组织中具有抗凋亡作用。EPO 在中枢神经系统（CNS）中的水平较低，而 EPO-R 在大多数 CNS 细胞类型中表达。尽管在缺氧缺血性脑损伤中 EPO-R 表达水平较高，但内源性脑 EPO 产生不足可能是导致特定神经元群体丧失的决定电路改变的原因。在心脏中，EPO 刺激下心细胞祖细胞中 EPO-R 的高表达似乎有助于心肌再生。有几条证据将 EPO 与 CNS 和心脏组织中的抗细胞凋亡作用联系起来。在这篇综述中，我们回顾了在缺氧条件下，EPO/EPO-R 系统在大脑和心脏中的抗细胞凋亡作用，例如癫痫发作和猝死（SUDEP）。此外，它们的保护作用可能是研究的一个新领域，也是早期治疗这些疾病和预防 SUDEP 的一种新的治疗策略。
