Li Jingsha, Guo Chunxian, Li Chang Ming
Institute of Materials Science and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.
ChemSusChem. 2020 Mar 20;13(6):1047-1070. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202000061.
The design and development of advanced electrode materials for high-performance rechargeable batteries have been subjected to extensive studies. Very recently, two-dimensional (2 D) nanomaterials have become promising candidates for batteries, owing to their unique physicochemical properties. In particular, MXenes and phosphorene, which exhibit tailored electrical conductivity and ion storage capability, have attracted increasing attention. This Review presents a comprehensive summary of recent advances in the development of 2 D MXenes and phosphorene as electrode materials for high-performance batteries. Their physicochemical properties, including structural configurations and electronic properties of MXenes and direct band gap and anisotropic properties of phosphorene, are firstly discussed. Then, synthesis methods of the two materials are introduced. Thereafter, their applications as electrode materials in batteries, including lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, and metal-air batteries, are summarized and discussed in detail. An emphasis is placed on analyzing performance enhancement mechanisms to elucidate fundamental understanding. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for MXenes and phosphorene as electrode materials for batteries are considered.
高性能可充电电池先进电极材料的设计与开发已受到广泛研究。最近，二维（2D）纳米材料因其独特的物理化学性质，已成为电池领域颇具潜力的候选材料。特别是，具有定制电导率和离子存储能力的MXenes和磷烯，已引起越来越多的关注。本综述全面总结了二维MXenes和磷烯作为高性能电池电极材料开发的最新进展。首先讨论了它们的物理化学性质，包括MXenes的结构构型和电子性质以及磷烯的直接带隙和各向异性性质。然后，介绍了这两种材料的合成方法。此后，详细总结并讨论了它们作为电极材料在电池中的应用，包括锂离子电池（LIBs）、钠离子电池（SIBs）、钾离子电池（PIBs）、锂硫（Li-S）电池和金属空气电池。重点在于分析性能增强机制以阐明基本认识。最后，考虑了MXenes和磷烯作为电池电极材料未来面临的挑战和机遇。
