Ming Fangwang, Liang Hanfeng, Huang Gang, Bayhan Zahra, Alshareef Husam N
Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.
Adv Mater. 2021 Jan;33(1):e2004039. doi: 10.1002/adma.202004039. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
Research on next-generation battery technologies (beyond Li-ion batteries, or LIBs) has been accelerating over the past few years. A key challenge for these emerging batteries has been the lack of suitable electrode materials, which severely limits their further developments. MXenes, a new class of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides, are proposed as electrode materials for these emerging batteries due to several desirable attributes. These attributes include large and tunable interlayer spaces, excellent hydrophilicity, extraordinary conductivity, compositional diversity, and abundant surface chemistries, making MXenes promising not only as electrode materials but also as other components in the cells of emerging batteries. Herein, an overview and assessment of the utilization of MXenes in rechargeable batteries beyond LIBs, including alkali-ion (e.g., Na , K ) storage, multivalent-ion (e.g., Mg , Zn , and Al ) storage, and metal batteries are presented. In particular, the synthetic strategies and properties of MXenes that enable MXenes to play various roles as electrodes, metal anode protective layers, sulfur hosts, separator modification layers, and conductive additives in these emerging batteries are discussed. Moreover, a perspective on promising future research directions on MXenes and MXene-based materials, ranging from material design and processing, fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms, to device performance optimization strategies is provided.
在过去几年中，对下一代电池技术（超越锂离子电池，即LIBs）的研究一直在加速。这些新兴电池面临的一个关键挑战是缺乏合适的电极材料，这严重限制了它们的进一步发展。MXenes是一类新型的二维过渡金属碳化物、碳氮化物和氮化物，由于具有几个理想的特性，被提议作为这些新兴电池的电极材料。这些特性包括大且可调节的层间间距、优异的亲水性、非凡的导电性、成分多样性和丰富的表面化学性质，这使得MXenes不仅有望成为电极材料，还能作为新兴电池电池单元中的其他组件。本文概述并评估了MXenes在超越LIBs的可充电电池中的应用，包括碱金属离子（如Na⁺、K⁺）存储、多价离子（如Mg²⁺、Zn²⁺和Al³⁺）存储以及金属电池。特别讨论了使MXenes能够在这些新兴电池中作为电极、金属阳极保护层、硫宿主、隔膜改性层和导电添加剂发挥各种作用的合成策略和性质。此外，还提供了一个关于MXenes和基于MXenes的材料未来有前景的研究方向的展望，范围从材料设计和加工、对反应机制的基本理解到器件性能优化策略。
