Reaction of Boranephosphonate Diesters with Pyridines or Tertiary Amines in the Presence of Iodine: Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies.

Boranephosphonate diesters react with heteroaromatic and certain tertiary amines in the presence of an oxidant (I) to afford the boron-modified phosphodiester analogues containing a P-B-N structural motif. Our multinuclear P and B NMR spectroscopy studies lend support for a two-step mechanism involving generation of a λ-boranephosphonate intermediate that immediately coordinates an amine in the solvent cage, leading to -pyridinium or -ammonium boranephosphonate betaine derivatives. We found that the type of the solvent used (e.g., dichloromethane vs acetonitrile) significantly affected the course of the reaction, resulting in either formation of boron-modified derivatives or loss of the boron group with a subsequent oxidation of the phosphorus atom. In aprotic, electron-donating, polar solvents., e.g., acetonitrile (ACN) and tetrahydrofuran (THF), a λ-boranephosphonate intermediate can also coordinate solvent molecules forming P-B-ACN or P-B-THF complexes that may influence the type of the products formed.