Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
School of Allied Medical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Int J Neurosci. 2021 Jan;131(1):56-64. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1732974. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease accompanied by demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system that mostly affects young adults, especially women. This disease has two phases including relapsing-remitting form (RR-MS) by episodes of relapse and periods of clinical remission and secondary-progressive form (SP-MS), which causes more disability. The inheritance pattern of MS is not exactly identified and there is an agreement that it has a complex pattern with an interplay among environmental, genetic and epigenetic alternations. Epigenetic mechanisms that are identified for MS pathogenesis are DNA methylation, histone modification and some microRNAs' alternations. Several cellular processes including apoptosis, differentiation and evolution can be modified along with epigenetic changes. Some alternations are associated with epigenetic mechanisms in MS patients and these changes can become key points for MS therapy. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss epigenetic mechanisms that are associated with MS pathogenesis and future therapeutic approaches.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种慢性炎症性和神经退行性疾病，伴有中枢神经系统神经元脱髓鞘，主要影响年轻人，尤其是女性。这种疾病有两个阶段，包括复发缓解型（RR-MS），表现为反复发作和临床缓解期，以及继发进展型（SP-MS），后者会导致更多的残疾。MS 的遗传模式尚未完全确定，人们普遍认为它具有复杂的模式，涉及环境、遗传和表观遗传的相互作用。已经确定了与 MS 发病机制相关的表观遗传机制，包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和一些 microRNAs 的改变。随着表观遗传变化，一些细胞过程，包括细胞凋亡、分化和进化，可以被修饰。一些改变与 MS 患者的表观遗传机制有关，这些变化可能成为 MS 治疗的关键点。因此，本综述的目的是讨论与 MS 发病机制相关的表观遗传机制和未来的治疗方法。
