Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang University, China.
School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 9;13:1021612. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021612. eCollection 2022.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are identified as a highly heterogeneous group of immature cells derived from bone marrow and play critical immunosuppressive functions in autoimmune diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases was closely related to genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications, with the latter more common. Epigenetic modifications, which involve DNA methylation, covalent histone modification, and non-coding RNA-mediated regulation, refer to inheritable and potentially reversible changes in DNA and chromatin that regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Recently, numerous reports have shown that epigenetic modifications in MDSCs play important roles in the differentiation and development of MDSCs and their suppressive functions. The molecular mechanisms of differentiation and development of MDSCs and their regulatory roles in the initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases have been extensively studied, but the exact function of MDSCs remains controversial. Therefore, the biological and epigenetic regulation of MDSCs in autoimmune diseases still needs to be further characterized. This review provides a detailed summary of the current research on the regulatory roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in the development and immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs, and further summarizes the distinct role of MDSCs in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, in order to provide help for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases from the perspective of epigenetic regulation of MDSCs.
髓系来源的抑制性细胞（MDSCs）被鉴定为一组源自骨髓的异质性未成熟细胞，在自身免疫性疾病中发挥关键的免疫抑制功能。越来越多的证据表明，自身免疫性疾病的病理生理学与遗传突变和表观遗传修饰密切相关，后者更为常见。表观遗传修饰涉及 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白共价修饰和非编码 RNA 介导的调控，是指 DNA 和染色质上可遗传且具有潜在可逆性的改变，可调节基因表达而不改变 DNA 序列。最近，大量报道表明 MDSCs 中的表观遗传修饰在 MDSCs 的分化和发育及其抑制功能中发挥重要作用。MDSCs 的分化和发育的分子机制及其在自身免疫性疾病发生和进展中的调节作用已得到广泛研究，但 MDSCs 的确切功能仍存在争议。因此，MDSCs 在自身免疫性疾病中的生物学和表观遗传调控仍需要进一步研究。本综述详细总结了 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA 在 MDSCs 发育和免疫抑制活性中的调控作用的最新研究进展，并进一步总结了 MDSCs 在自身免疫性疾病发病机制中的独特作用，以期从 MDSCs 的表观遗传调控角度为疾病的诊断和治疗提供帮助。
