大气化学的燃料：迈向对活性有机碳的完整描述。

Heald C L, Kroll J H

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Sci Adv. 2020 Feb 5;6(6):eaay8967. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8967. eCollection 2020 Feb.

The Earth's atmosphere contains a multitude of emitted (primary) and chemically formed (secondary) gases and particles that degrade air quality and modulate the climate. Reactive organic carbon (ROC) species are the fuel of the chemistry of the atmosphere, dominating short-lived emissions, reactivity, and the secondary production of key species such as ozone, particulate matter, and carbon dioxide. Despite the central importance of ROC, the diversity and complexity of this class of species has been a longstanding obstacle to developing a comprehensive understanding of how the composition of our atmosphere, and the associated environmental implications, will evolve. Here, we characterize the role of ROC in atmospheric chemistry and the challenges inherent in measuring and modeling ROC, and highlight recent progress toward achieving mass closure for the complete description of atmospheric ROC.

地球大气包含大量排放的（一次）和化学形成的（二次）气体及颗粒物，它们会降低空气质量并调节气候。活性有机碳（ROC）物种是大气化学的“燃料”，在短期排放、反应活性以及臭氧、颗粒物和二氧化碳等关键物种的二次生成方面占据主导地位。尽管ROC至关重要，但这类物种的多样性和复杂性长期以来一直阻碍着人们全面理解我们大气的组成及其相关环境影响将如何演变。在此，我们描述了ROC在大气化学中的作用以及测量和模拟ROC所固有的挑战，并强调了在实现对大气ROC的完整描述进行质量平衡方面的最新进展。