下颌骨骨折的影像学检查：图文综述

Nardi Cosimo, Vignoli Chiara, Pietragalla Michele, Tonelli Paolina, Calistri Linda, Franchi Lorenzo, Preda Lorenzo, Colagrande Stefano

Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiodiagnostic Unit n. 2, University of Florence-Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.

Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Via del Ponte di Mezzo, 46-48, 50127, Florence, Italy.

Insights Imaging. 2020 Feb 19;11(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s13244-020-0837-0.

Mandibular fractures are among the most common maxillofacial fractures observed in emergency rooms and are mainly caused by road accidents. The clinical features of mandibular fractures include malocclusion and loss of mandibular function. Panoramic radiography is usually limited to isolated lesions, whereas computed tomography is the tool of choice for all other facial traumatic events. No reference standard classification system for the different types of mandibular fractures is defined. Therapeutic options include a conservative approach or surgical treatment based on the anatomic area and the severity of fracture. The main purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate a practical description of the pathophysiology of mandibular fractures and describe both the imaging techniques to recognise them and the therapeutic indications.

下颌骨骨折是急诊室中最常见的颌面骨折之一，主要由道路交通事故引起。下颌骨骨折的临床特征包括咬合不正和下颌功能丧失。全景X线摄影通常仅限于孤立性病变，而计算机断层扫描是所有其他面部创伤事件的首选检查手段。目前尚未定义针对不同类型下颌骨骨折的参考标准分类系统。治疗方案包括基于骨折解剖部位和严重程度的保守治疗或手术治疗。本影像综述的主要目的是阐述下颌骨骨折病理生理学的实用描述，并介绍识别骨折的成像技术及治疗指征。