Territorial Gastroenterology Service, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Barletta-Andria-Trani, Andria, Italy.
Division of Gastroenterology, A.O. San Camillo – Forlanini, Rome, Italy
Pol Arch Intern Med. 2020 Mar 27;130(3):232-239. doi: 10.20452/pamw.15199. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Diverticulosis of the colon is the most common anatomic alteration of the human colon. Diet may be important in the management of diverticular disease (DD). It is known that high‑fiber diet does not prevent diverticulosis, and there are conflicting data on the prevention and treatment of DD and acute diverticulitis. No association has been reported between nut, corn, or popcorn consumption and the development of diverticulosis, DD, and acute diverticulitis. However, there seems to be a mild association between high alcohol intake and diverticulosis, whereas alcohol dependence seems to be related to a lower risk of in‑hospital mortality due to acute diverticulitis. Higher consumption of red meat was associated with a mild increase in the risk of acute diverticulitis, especially when consumed as unprocessed red meat (defined as consumption of "beef or lamb as main dish," "pork as main dish," "hamburger," and "beef, pork or lamb as a sandwich or mixed dish"). On the other hand, higher consumption of poultry (white meat) was not associated with the risk of acute diverticulitis. Finally, higher fish intake was associated with a reduced risk of diverticulitis in an age‑adjusted model but not after adjustment for other potential confounders.
结肠憩室病是人类结肠最常见的解剖学改变。饮食可能在憩室病（DD）的管理中很重要。已知高纤维饮食不能预防憩室病，而且关于 DD 和急性憩室炎的预防和治疗存在相互矛盾的数据。坚果、玉米或爆米花的消费与憩室病、DD 和急性憩室炎的发展之间没有关联。然而，高酒精摄入似乎与憩室病之间存在轻度关联，而酒精依赖似乎与急性憩室炎住院死亡率降低有关。更多地摄入红色肉类与急性憩室炎的风险轻度增加有关，尤其是当未加工的红色肉类（定义为“作为主菜的牛肉或羊肉”、“猪肉作为主菜”、“汉堡”和“牛肉、猪肉或羊肉作为三明治或混合菜”）时。另一方面，更多地食用家禽（白肉）与急性憩室炎的风险无关。最后，在年龄调整模型中，更高的鱼类摄入量与憩室炎的风险降低相关，但在调整其他潜在混杂因素后则不然。
