Center for Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection in Water Transport Engineering Ministry of Communications, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering Ministry of Transport of People's Republic of China, Tianjin, 300456, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Jun;249:126194. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126194. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro- (NPAHs) and oxy-derivatives (OPAHs) are of considerable concern due to their toxicity and carcinogenic hazards. Ships are recognized as an important emission source of these compounds. Marine diesel oil (MDO) and heavy fuel oil (HFO) are the two most commonly used fuels. The emission characteristics and toxicities of PM-bound PAHs, NPAHs and OPAHs due to HFO and MDO combustion in atypical ocean-going vessel were investigated. The EF variability of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) varied considerably with the fuel formulation (HFO and MDO) and engine loading (20%-100%). The concentration of ΣPACs was 0.63 mg/kWh for MDO and ranged from 2.14 to 9.80 mg/kWh for HFO. Compared to HFO-20%, the EFs of ΣPAHs, ΣNPAHs and ΣOPAHs from MDO-20% were reduced by 97%, 77% and 73%, respectively. As identified through the coefficient of divergence, the profile of HFO-20% was notably different from those under the other three engine loadings for HFO. In addition, the emissions of ΣPAHs and ΣOPAHs showed a significant correlation with PM, while they were relatively weak for ΣNPAHs. However, the CO and PAC emissions were not highly correlated. Furthermore, the BaP-ΣPAHs values were 0.010 mg/g for MDO and ranged from 0.092 mg/g to 0.306 mg/g for HFO, and the reduction ranged from 89% to 97% by substituting MDO for HFO. These data highlight the importance of improving fuel quality in close proximity to port areas and are useful for enhancing relevant databases.
多环芳烃（PAHs）、硝基（NPAHs）和含氧衍生物（OPAHs）因其毒性和致癌危害而备受关注。船舶被认为是这些化合物的一个重要排放源。船用柴油（MDO）和重质燃料油（HFO）是两种最常用的燃料。研究了典型远洋船舶中 HFO 和 MDO 燃烧时 PM 结合态 PAHs、NPAHs 和 OPAHs 的排放特征和毒性。多环芳烃化合物（PACs）的有效因子（EF）随燃料配方（HFO 和 MDO）和发动机负荷（20%-100%）变化较大。MDO 的ΣPACs 浓度为 0.63mg/kWh，HFO 的范围为 2.14-9.80mg/kWh。与 HFO-20%相比，MDO-20%的ΣPAHs、ΣNPAHs 和 ΣOPAHs 的 EF 分别降低了 97%、77%和 73%。根据发散系数的识别，HFO-20%的分布与其他三种 HFO 发动机负荷下的分布明显不同。此外，ΣPAHs 和 ΣOPAHs 的排放与 PM 呈显著相关，而与 ΣNPAHs 则相对较弱。然而，CO 和 PAC 的排放与 CO 不呈高度相关。此外，MDO 的 BaP-ΣPAHs 值为 0.010mg/g，HFO 的范围为 0.092-0.306mg/g，用 MDO 替代 HFO 可使 BaP-ΣPAHs 值降低 89%-97%。这些数据突出了在靠近港口地区提高燃料质量的重要性，有助于增强相关数据库。
