Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Shanwei Marine Industry Institute, Shanwei 516600, China.
Environ Int. 2020 Apr;137:105263. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105263. Epub 2020 Feb 19.
Microplastics are emerging contaminants and their presence in water and soil ecosystems has recently drawn considerable attention because they pose a great threat to entire ecosystems. Recent researches have focused on the detection, occurrence, characterization, and toxicology of microplastics in marine and freshwater ecosystems; however, our understanding of the ecological effects of microplastics in soil ecosystems is still limited compared with that in aquatic ecosystems. Here, we have compiled literature, studying the sources, migration of microplastics in soil, negative impacts on soil health and function, trophic transfer in food chains, and the corresponding adverse effects on soil organisms in order to address the potential ecological and human health risks caused by microplastics in soil. This review aims to address gaps in knowledge, shed light on the ecological effects of microplastics in soil, and propose future studies on microplastic pollution and the resultant soil ecotoxicity. Furthermore, this review is focused on limiting microplastics in soil and establishing management and remediation measures to mitigate the risks posed by microplastic pollution.
微塑料是新兴的污染物，其在水和土壤生态系统中的存在最近引起了相当大的关注，因为它们对整个生态系统构成了巨大威胁。最近的研究集中在海洋和淡水生态系统中微塑料的检测、出现、特征描述和毒理学上；然而，与水生生态系统相比，我们对土壤生态系统中微塑料的生态影响的理解仍然有限。在这里，我们编译了文献，研究了土壤中微塑料的来源、迁移、对土壤健康和功能的负面影响、食物链中的营养转移以及对土壤生物的相应不利影响，以解决土壤中微塑料可能带来的生态和人类健康风险。本综述旨在填补知识空白，阐明土壤中微塑料的生态效应，并提出关于微塑料污染和由此产生的土壤生态毒性的未来研究。此外，本综述侧重于限制土壤中的微塑料，并制定管理和修复措施，以减轻微塑料污染带来的风险。
