Valladares-Garrido Mario J, Soriano-Moreno Anderson N, Rodrigo-Gallardo Paola K, Moncada-Mapelli Enrique, Pacheco-Mendoza Josmel, Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J
Universidad Continental, Lima, Peru.
Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Mar-Apr;14(2):141-146. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
Hypertension and diabetes are global health problems with an incidence that is rapidly increasing worldwide. Depression is the most frequent mental health co-morbidity and is considered an important risk factor for the development of both diseases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression among Peruvian adults with hypertension and diabetes.
We performed a secondary analysis of the 2017 Peru Demographic and Family Health Survey, using data from 10,566 adults aged 40 and older. The main outcome was depression assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Other important variables were the diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes, sex, age, level of education, geographical region, wealth index, daily smoking, harmful alcohol consumption and physical disability.
The overall prevalence of depression was 23.15% (CI 95%: 21.42%-24.88%) and among adults with hypertension and diabetes it was 34.96% (CI 95%: 29.33%-40.59%) and 35.56% (CI 95%: 24.49%-46.63%), respectively. Whereas the prevalence of depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was higher in the physical disability group (PRa: 1.28; CI 95%: 1.12-1.45), the prevalence of depression among adults with hypertension was higher in the female group (PRa: 1.36; CI 95%: 1.20-1.54) and among those with harmful alcohol consumption (PRa: 1.50; CI 95%: 1.01-2.24).
Peru has a considerable burden of depression in the hypertensive and diabetic populations. While the variables positively associated with depression in hypertensive adults were female gender and harmful alcohol consumption, in adults with diabetes it was the presence of physical disability.
高血压和糖尿病是全球性的健康问题，其发病率在全球范围内迅速上升。抑郁症是最常见的心理健康合并症，被认为是这两种疾病发生的重要危险因素。本研究旨在确定秘鲁患有高血压和糖尿病的成年人中抑郁症的患病率及其相关因素。
我们对2017年秘鲁人口与家庭健康调查进行了二次分析，使用了来自10566名40岁及以上成年人的数据。主要结局是用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）评估的抑郁症。其他重要变量包括高血压或糖尿病的诊断、性别、年龄、教育程度、地理区域、财富指数、每日吸烟、有害饮酒和身体残疾。
抑郁症的总体患病率为23.15%（95%置信区间：21.42%-24.88%），在患有高血压和糖尿病的成年人中，患病率分别为34.96%（95%置信区间：29.33%-40.59%）和35.56%（95%置信区间：24.49%-46.63%）。2型糖尿病（T2DM）成年人中，身体残疾组的抑郁症患病率较高（调整后患病率比：1.28；95%置信区间：1.12-1.45）；高血压成年人中，女性组（调整后患病率比：1.36；95%置信区间：1.20-1.54）和有害饮酒者（调整后患病率比：1.50；95%置信区间：1.01-2.24）的抑郁症患病率较高。
秘鲁高血压和糖尿病患者群体中抑郁症负担较重。高血压成年人中与抑郁症呈正相关的变量是女性性别和有害饮酒，而糖尿病成年人中则是身体残疾。
