Department of Biotechnology, North Orissa University, Takatpur, Baripada, 757 003, Odisha, India.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 May;100:283-299. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.064. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Infectious diseases are adversely affecting aquaculture practices throughout world and Asian countries are no exception. Indian aquaculture practices are facing serious setback due to a variety of infectious agent's which are responsible for severe mortality and morbidity of all the cultured freshwater fish species leading to severe economic losses. The emergence of antibiotic resistant pattern, residual effect and environmental degradation due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics has necessitates the development of suitable alternate prophylaxis measures for better protection. In this regard, vaccine(s) has proved to be an effective strategy against pathogens to improve the fish production. Over the years numerous studies have been conducted to develop vaccine(s) against different pathogens. While most of the efforts are made to develop vaccine against bacterial pathogens especially against Aeromoniasis and Edwardsiellosis, few attempts have also been made against certain other bacterial, parasitic and fungal pathogens as well. Despite various successful experimental attempts, till date no vaccines against any of the pathogens are commercially available for Indian aquaculture. This review principally focuses on the current state of art in the development of vaccine against different microbial pathogens in general and Aeromonas hydrophila in particular since the bacterium is a major pathogen which is involved in a number of disease conditions in all the cultured fish species in India. Herein in this review, details of various experimental approaches made to find out a potential vaccine candidate which in turn can induce protective immune responses in host alongwith the constraints associated with it in developing a suitable vaccine against this bacterium and its market potential have been illustrated from an Indian perspective.
传染病对全球水产养殖业产生了不利影响，亚洲国家也不例外。由于各种病原体的存在，印度水产养殖实践正面临严重挫折，这些病原体导致所有养殖淡水鱼类严重死亡和发病，造成严重的经济损失。由于抗生素的滥用导致抗生素耐药模式的出现、残留效应和环境恶化，因此需要开发合适的替代预防措施来更好地保护。在这方面，疫苗已被证明是对抗病原体的有效策略，可以提高鱼类产量。多年来，已经进行了许多研究来开发针对不同病原体的疫苗。虽然大多数努力都是针对细菌病原体（特别是气单胞菌病和爱德华氏菌病）开发疫苗，但也有少数针对其他一些细菌、寄生虫和真菌病原体的尝试。尽管进行了各种成功的实验尝试，但迄今为止，印度水产养殖业没有针对任何病原体的商业疫苗。本综述主要关注一般微生物病原体（特别是嗜水气单胞菌）疫苗开发的最新进展，因为该细菌是一种主要病原体，涉及印度所有养殖鱼类物种的许多疾病状况。在此综述中，详细介绍了为寻找潜在疫苗候选物而进行的各种实验方法，这些方法可以在宿主中诱导保护性免疫反应，以及在开发针对该细菌的合适疫苗方面存在的限制及其市场潜力，均从印度的角度进行了说明。
