Tan Alison, Morton Kelly R, Lee Jerry W, Hartman Richard, Lee Grace
Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America; Department of Family Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America.
J Psychosom Res. 2020 Feb 11;131:109957. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.109957.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with increased inflammation, stress, and depression. Diet patterns rich in flavonoids may buffer the effects of ACEs on depression through neuroprotective mechanisms. No studies have examined the protective effects of dietary flavonoids on depressive symptoms after ACEs. We examine the relationships among ACEs, perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and flavonoid intake in older adults.
In this longitudinal cohort study, flavonoid intake was provided by 6404 Seventh-day Adventist adults in North America who, as part of the Adventist Health Study-2, completed a validated food frequency questionnaire in 2002-6. ACEs, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms were assessed in the Biopsychosocial Religion and Health Study in 2006-7 and 2010-11. Bootstrapping models predicting depression were tested after controls.
ACEs were associated with adult depressive symptoms and perceived stress mediated this relationship. A moderated mediation model indicates that flavonoid intake buffers the association between perceived stress and depressive symptoms after ACEs. Flavonoid consumption was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (β = -0.034, p = .03). As ACEs increased by one standard deviation, depressive symptoms increased through the interaction of perceived stress and flavonoids when flavonoids were consumed a standard deviation below the mean (effect = 0.040 SD, BC 95% CI [0.030, 0.052]). Depressive symptoms were lower for those that consumed flavonoids a standard deviation above the mean (effect =. 035 SD, BC 95% CI [0.025, 0.046]).
A varied diet rich in flavonoids may reduce depressive symptoms associated with perceived stress following ACEs exposure.
童年不良经历（ACEs）与炎症增加、压力和抑郁相关。富含类黄酮的饮食模式可能通过神经保护机制缓冲ACEs对抑郁的影响。尚无研究探讨饮食类黄酮对ACEs后抑郁症状的保护作用。我们研究了老年人中ACEs、感知压力、抑郁症状和类黄酮摄入量之间的关系。
在这项纵向队列研究中，北美6404名基督复临安息日会成年人提供了类黄酮摄入量，他们作为复临信徒健康研究-2的一部分，在2002 - 2006年完成了一份经过验证的食物频率问卷。在2006 - 2007年和2010 - 2011年的生物心理社会宗教与健康研究中评估了ACEs、感知压力和抑郁症状。在进行对照后测试了预测抑郁的自抽样模型。
ACEs与成人抑郁症状相关，感知压力介导了这种关系。一个有调节的中介模型表明，类黄酮摄入量缓冲了ACEs后感知压力与抑郁症状之间的关联。类黄酮消费与抑郁症状呈负相关（β = -0.034，p = 0.03）。当ACEs增加一个标准差时，在类黄酮摄入量低于均值一个标准差的情况下，抑郁症状通过感知压力和类黄酮的相互作用而增加（效应 = 0.040标准差，BC 95%置信区间[0.030, 0.052]）。对于类黄酮摄入量高于均值一个标准差的人，抑郁症状较低（效应 = 0.035标准差，BC 95%置信区间[0.025, 0.046]）。
富含类黄酮的多样化饮食可能会减轻ACEs暴露后与感知压力相关的抑郁症状。
