Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2020 Jun;64:18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.01.012. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Actin has essential functions both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, where it has been linked to key nuclear processes, from transcription to DNA damage response. The multifunctional nature of actin suggests that the cell must contain mechanisms to accurately control the cellular actin balance. Indeed, recent results have demonstrated that nuclear actin levels fluctuate to regulate the transcriptional activity of the cell and that controlled nuclear actin polymerization is required for transcription activation, cell cycle progression, and DNA repair. Intriguingly, aberrant nuclear actin regulation has been observed, for example, in cancer, signifying the importance of this process for cellular homeostasis. This review discussed the latest research on how nuclear actin is regulated, and how this influences actin-dependent nuclear processes.
肌动蛋白在细胞质和细胞核中都具有重要功能，它与关键的核过程有关，从转录到 DNA 损伤反应。肌动蛋白的多功能性表明，细胞必须包含准确控制细胞肌动蛋白平衡的机制。事实上，最近的结果表明，核肌动蛋白水平的波动调节细胞的转录活性，并且受控的核肌动蛋白聚合对于转录激活、细胞周期进程和 DNA 修复是必需的。有趣的是，已经观察到异常的核肌动蛋白调节，例如在癌症中，这表明这个过程对细胞内稳态的重要性。这篇综述讨论了关于核肌动蛋白如何被调控以及这如何影响依赖肌动蛋白的核过程的最新研究。
