Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources & Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Feb 22;36(3):37. doi: 10.1007/s11274-020-02815-4.
Saline wastewaters are usually generated by various industries, including the chemical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and aquacultural industries. The discharge of untreated high-salinity wastewater may cause serious environmental pollution and damage the aquatic, terrestrial, and wetland ecosystems. For many countries, the treatment of saline wastewater has become an important task. Generally, saline wastewaters are treated through physical and chemical methods. However, these traditional techniques are associated with higher treatment costs and the generation of byproducts. In contrast, biotreatment techniques are environmentally friendly and inexpensive. This review highlights the sources and environmental concerns of high-salinity wastewater and illustrates the latest problems and solutions to the use of biological approaches for treating saline wastewater. Although high salinity may inhibit the effectiveness of aerobic and anaerobic biological wastewater treatment methods, such strategies as selecting salt-adapted microorganisms capable of degrading pollutants with tolerance to high salinity and optimizing operating conditions can be effective. This mini-review may serve as a reference for future efforts to treat high-salinity wastewater.
盐水废水通常由各种工业产生，包括化学、制药、农业和水产养殖业。未经处理的高盐废水的排放可能会造成严重的环境污染，并破坏水生、陆地和湿地生态系统。对于许多国家来说，处理盐水废水已成为一项重要任务。一般来说，盐水废水通过物理和化学方法进行处理。然而，这些传统技术与更高的处理成本和副产物的产生有关。相比之下，生物处理技术环保且廉价。本综述强调了高盐废水的来源和环境问题，并说明了利用生物方法处理盐水废水的最新问题和解决方案。尽管高盐度可能会抑制好氧和厌氧生物废水处理方法的效果，但选择能够耐受高盐度并能降解污染物的耐盐微生物以及优化操作条件等策略可能是有效的。本小型综述可为未来处理高盐废水的努力提供参考。
