University of Turku, Department of Teacher Education, Seminaarinkatu 1, FIN-26100, Rauma, Finland.
Hear Res. 2021 Jan;399:107923. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107923. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
N1 of event-related potentials (ERPs) is augmented in amplitude in ∼50-150 ms by occasional changes (deviants) in the physical features of a sound repeated at intervals of from ∼400 ms to seconds (standard). The release-from-refractoriness hypothesis links the N1 augmentation to a deviant-feature-specific neural population that is fresh to fully respond as opposed to a standard-feature-specific neural population that is unresponsive due to its post-response refractoriness. The present work explored this hypothesis in the context of ERP studies, behavioral habituation studies and studies on stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA). The idea of hundreds of milliseconds neural population-level refractoriness was observed to be founded upon negative N1 evidence (no observable effect of dishabituating stimuli on N1 to standards - the null hypothesis retained) and merely supported by positive N1 evidence (null hypotheses rejected). This idea was also found to be directly challenged by positive N1 evidence. No conclusive network- or single-neuron-level evidence was found for the refractoriness. Therefore, the validity of the release-from-refractoriness hypothesis of N1 to guide psychophysiological research needs reassessment.
事件相关电位 (ERPs) 的 N1 成分在幅度上被增强，其时间约为 50-150ms，这是由在间隔约 400ms 至数秒的时间里重复的声音的物理特征（标准）的偶尔变化（偏差）引起的。释放-不应期假说将 N1 增强与一个特定于偏差特征的神经群体联系起来，该群体是全新的，可以充分响应，而不是特定于标准特征的神经群体，由于其反应后的不应期而无响应。本工作在 ERP 研究、行为习惯化研究和刺激特异性适应 (SSA) 研究的背景下探索了这一假说。观察到数百毫秒的神经群体水平不应期的想法是基于负 N1 证据（无习惯化刺激对 N1 至标准的可观察效应——保留零假设），而仅仅得到正 N1 证据的支持（零假设被拒绝）。这个想法也被正 N1 证据直接挑战。没有发现网络或单个神经元水平的证据支持不应期。因此，需要重新评估 N1 释放不应期假说指导心理生理研究的有效性。
