Hvass Anne Mette Fløe, Norredam Marie, Sodemann Morten, Thomsen Marianne Kragh, Christian Wejse
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Social Medicine, Aarhus Municipality, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark.
Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Section for Immigrant Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital, Denmark.
Vaccine. 2020 Mar 17;38(13):2788-2794. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.025. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
In 2018, Europe faced the highest number of Measles cases in a decade. In Denmark, the childhood vaccination programme has a coverage of approximately 90%. To eliminate the disease, vaccine coverage needs to be above the herd immunity threshold of 95%. This can be even more difficult to obtain, when vaccination programmes break down due to war, natural disasters etc. and concern has been raised, that unvaccinated refugees could facilitate spread of measles when migrating.
In order to address this concern, we tested 513 newly arrived refugees and family reunified refugees aged between 0 and 70 years for measles IgG antibodies. The participants were tested as part of a general health assessment between May 2016 and October 2018. In the cohort, 50% were males and the majority came from Syria (55%).
We found that 85% of the total group of refugees had immunity against measles. The 15% lacking antibodies were evenly distributed between the various countries of origin. Moreover, we found immunity to increase with age, leaving young children most vulnerable to infection, 79.9% (<19 years) vs 89.1% (≥19 years). Interview questions on previous vaccinations did not correlate to serology.
Refugees have measles immunity slightly lower than the host population.
2018年，欧洲面临着十年来最高的麻疹病例数。在丹麦，儿童疫苗接种计划的覆盖率约为90%。为了消除这种疾病，疫苗覆盖率需要高于群体免疫阈值95%。当疫苗接种计划因战争、自然灾害等原因中断时，这一点就更难实现了，而且人们担心，未接种疫苗的难民在迁移时可能会促使麻疹传播。
为了解决这一担忧，我们对513名年龄在0至70岁之间的新抵达难民和家庭团聚难民进行了麻疹IgG抗体检测。这些参与者是在2016年5月至2018年10月期间作为一般健康评估的一部分接受检测的。在这个队列中，50%为男性，大多数来自叙利亚（55%）。
我们发现，难民总群体中有85%对麻疹具有免疫力。缺乏抗体的15%在各个原籍国之间分布均匀。此外，我们发现免疫力随年龄增长而提高，幼儿最易感染，19岁以下人群的免疫力为79.9%，19岁及以上人群为89.1%。关于以前接种疫苗的访谈问题与血清学无关。
难民的麻疹免疫力略低于东道国人口。
