Assari Shervin, Smith Jocelyn R, Caldwell Cleopatra Howard, Zimmerman Marc A
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2700, USA.
Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
Societies (Basel). 2015 Mar;5(1):151-170. doi: 10.3390/soc5010151. Epub 2015 Mar 16.
The transition to adulthood is a developmental period marked by increased stress, especially among African Americans. In addition to stress related to emerging adulthood, neighborhood fear may contribute to depressive symptoms for African Americans. We examined gender differences in longitudinal associations between changes in perceived neighborhood fear, parental support, and depressive symptoms among African American youth who were in transition to adulthood. Five hundred and thirteen African American youths (235 males and 278 females) were included in the study. An increase in perceived neighborhood fear was associated with an increase in depressive symptoms and change in perceived maternal support was predictive of depressive symptoms among males, but not females. The findings suggest that policies and programs should help parents provide support to young adult children who live in violent neighborhoods as a strategy to prevent depressive symptoms during emerging adulthood.
向成年期的过渡是一个压力增加的发展阶段，非裔美国人尤其如此。除了与成年初期相关的压力外，邻里恐惧可能会导致非裔美国人出现抑郁症状。我们研究了处于成年期过渡阶段的非裔美国青年中，邻里恐惧感知变化、父母支持与抑郁症状之间纵向关联的性别差异。该研究纳入了513名非裔美国青年（235名男性和278名女性）。邻里恐惧感知的增加与抑郁症状的增加相关，而母亲支持感知的变化对男性的抑郁症状具有预测作用，但对女性则不然。研究结果表明，政策和项目应帮助父母为居住在暴力社区的成年子女提供支持，以此作为预防成年初期抑郁症状的一种策略。
